Related papers: Simulation of Proton and Iron Induced Extensive Ai…
When high-energy cosmic rays (gamma's, protons, or heavy nuclei) impinge onto the Earth's atmosphere, they interact at high altitude with the air nuclei as targets. By repeated interaction of the secondaries an `extensive air shower' (EAS)…
In this work we compare the predictions of two representative hadronic interaction models, EPOS 1.99, and QGSJET II-03 with several extensive air showers (EAS) parameters for proton and iron primaries in the energy range $10^{17}$ -…
Heavy quarks are commonly produced in current accelerator experiments. Hence it is natural to think that they should be likewise created in collisions with larger center of mass energies like the ones involving ultra-high energy cosmic rays…
Using the large hadron calorimeter of the KASCADE experiment, hadronic cores of extensive air showers have been studied. The hadron lateral and energy distributions have been investigated in order to study the reliability of the shower…
The simulation analysis of the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) was executed by exploring the longitudinal development employing the AIRES system (version 19.04.00) for several hadronic interaction models (SIBYLL, QGSJET, and EPOS) for high…
Recently an essential progress in development of physical models for cosmic ray induced ionization in the atmosphere is achieved. Basically, the models are full target, i.e. based on Monte Carlo simulation of an electromagnetic-muon-nucleon…
The KASCADE experiment measures a high number of EAS observables with a large degree of sampling of the electron-photon, muon, and hadron components. It provides accurate data for an event-by-event analysis of the primary cosmic ray flux in…
A comparative study of simulated air shower longitudinal profiles is presented. An appropriate thinning level for the calculations is first determined empirically. High statistics results are then provided, over a wide energy range,…
The results of Monte-Carlo simulations of Extensive Air Shower are presented to show the difference of hadronic component content at various altitudes with the aim to choose an optimal altitude for the PRISMA-like experiment. CORSIKA…
Cosmic rays with energy exceeding ~ 10^{18} eV are referred to as ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Monte Carlo codes for extensive air shower (EAS) simulate the development of EASs initiated by UHECRs in the Earth's atmosphere.…
The model dependence of the development of extensive air showers generated by high-energy cosmic-ray particles in the atmosphere is studied. The increase of proton-proton and proton-air inelastic cross-sections and values for the elasticity…
The experiment KASCADE observes simultaneously the electron-photon, muon, and hadron components of high-energy extensive air showers (EAS). The analysis of EAS observables for an estimate of energy and mass of the primary particle invokes…
In this paper we study, using Monte Carlo simulations, the possibility to discriminate the mass of the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) by combining information obtained from the maximum $X_{max}^{\mu}$ of the muon production rate…
Cosmic ray air showers are known to emit pulsed radio emission which can be understood as coherent geosynchrotron radiation arising from the deflection of electron-positron pairs in the earth's magnetic field. Here, we present simulations…
New experiments, exploring the ultra-high energy tail of the cosmic ray spectrum with unprecedented detail, are exerting a severe pressure on extensive air hower modeling. Detailed fast codes are in need in order to extract and understand…
The development of extensive air showers at extreme energies is studied using a simulation model much simpler and cruder, but also more transparent and flexible, than existing sophisticated codes. Evidence for its satisfactory performance…
At high energy, cosmic rays can only be studied by measuring the extensive air showers they produce in the atmosphere of the Earth. Although the main features of air showers can be understood within a simple model of successive…
Interpretation of EAS measurements strongly depends on detailed air shower simulations. The uncertainty in the prediction of shower observables for different primary particles and energies is currently dominated by differences between…
The particle showers produced in the atmosphere due to the interactions of primary cosmic particles require a thorough understanding in the backdrop of searches for rare interactions. In this work, we made a comprehensive study of air…
Extensive air showers (EAS) are a cascade of electromagnetic radiation and ionized particles that produced in the atmosphere through the interaction of a primary cosmic ray with the atom of nucleus in the air producing a huge amount of…