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Normalizing Flows (NFs) are likelihood-based models for continuous inputs. They have demonstrated promising results on both density estimation and generative modeling tasks, but have received relatively little attention in recent years. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Shuangfei Zhai , Ruixiang Zhang , Preetum Nakkiran , David Berthelot , Jiatao Gu , Huangjie Zheng , Tianrong Chen , Miguel Angel Bautista , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind

This paper focuses on the study of certain classes of Boolean functions that have appeared in several different contexts. Nested canalyzing functions have been studied recently in the context of Boolean network models of gene regulatory…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-07-26 Abdul Salam Jarrah , Blessilda Raposa , Reinhard Laubenbacher

Normalizing Flows (NFs) are able to model complicated distributions p(y) with strong inter-dimensional correlations and high multimodality by transforming a simple base density p(z) through an invertible neural network under the change of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Christina Winkler , Daniel Worrall , Emiel Hoogeboom , Max Welling

Fair representation learning is an attractive approach that promises fairness of downstream predictors by encoding sensitive data. Unfortunately, recent work has shown that strong adversarial predictors can still exhibit unfairness by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Mislav Balunović , Anian Ruoss , Martin Vechev

Normalizing Flows (NFs) describe a class of models that express a complex target distribution as the composition of a series of bijective transformations over a simpler base distribution. By limiting the space of candidate transformations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Keegan Kelly , Lorena Piedras , Sukrit Rao , David Roth

This paper studies the mathematical properties of collectively canalizing Boolean functions, a class of functions that has arisen from applications in systems biology. Boolean networks are an increasingly popular modeling framework for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Claus Kadelka , Benjamin Keilty , Reinhard Laubenbacher

The sensitivity conjecture of Nisan and Szegedy [CC '94] asks whether for any Boolean function $f$, the maximum sensitivity $s(f)$, is polynomially related to its block sensitivity $bs(f)$, and hence to other major complexity measures.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-12-08 Karthik C. S. , Sébastien Tavenas

We give the first non-trivial upper bounds on the average sensitivity and noise sensitivity of degree-$d$ polynomial threshold functions (PTFs). These bounds hold both for PTFs over the Boolean hypercube and for PTFs over $\R^n$ under the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-10-19 Ilias Diakonikolas , Prasad Raghavendra , Rocco A. Servedio , Li-Yang Tan

Causal inconsistency arises when the underlying causal graphs captured by generative models like \textit{Normalizing Flows} (NFs) are inconsistent with those specified in causal models like \textit{Struct Causal Models} (SCMs). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qingyang Zhou , Kangjie Lu , Meng Xu

Boolean functions can be represented in many ways including logical forms, truth tables, and polynomials. Additionally, Boolean functions have different canonical representations such as minimal disjunctive normal forms. Other canonical…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Elena Dimitrova , Brandilyn Stigler , Claus Kadelka , David Murrugarra

We propose a novel method for sensitivity analysis to unobserved confounding in causal inference. The method builds on a copula-based causal graphical normalizing flow that we term $\rho$-GNF, where $\rho \in [-1,+1]$ is the sensitivity…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-13 Sourabh Balgi , Marc Braun , Jose M. Peña , Adel Daoud

Inferring dynamic biochemical networks is one of the main challenges in systems biology. Given experimental data, the objective is to identify the rules of interaction among the different entities of the network. However, the number of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2012-07-31 Franziska Hinkelmann , Abdul Salam Jarrah

Normalizing flows (NFs) have become a prominent method for deep generative models that allow for an analytic probability density estimation and efficient synthesis. However, a flow-based network is considered to be inefficient in parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Sang-gil Lee , Sungwon Kim , Sungroh Yoon

The success of deep learning is inseparable from normalization layers. Researchers have proposed various normalization functions, and each of them has both advantages and disadvantages. In response, efforts have been made to design a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zikai Zhou , Shuo Zhang , Ziruo Wang , Huanran Chen

Traditionally, CNN models possess hierarchical structures and utilize the feature mapping of the last layer to obtain the prediction output. However, it can be difficulty to settle the optimal network depth and make the middle layers learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Zhicheng Cai

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) often struggle to adapt to new dynamic behaviors caused by parameter changes in the underlying physical system, even when these dynamics are similar to previously observed behaviors. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Roussel Desmond Nzoyem , David A. W. Barton , Tom Deakin

Convolutional neural networks were the standard for solving many computer vision tasks until recently, when Transformers of MLP-based architectures have started to show competitive performance. These architectures typically have a vast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Peter Kocsis , Peter Súkeník , Guillem Brasó , Matthias Nießner , Laura Leal-Taixé , Ismail Elezi

Neural collapse (NC) -- the convergence of penultimate-layer features to a simplex equiangular tight frame -- is well understood at equilibrium, but the dynamics governing its onset remain poorly characterised. We identify a simple and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Anamika Paul Rupa

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated exceptional efficacy in relational learning tasks, including node classification and link prediction. However, their application raises significant fairness concerns, as GNNs can perpetuate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Mahdi Tavassoli Kejani , Fadi Dornaika , Jean-Michel Loubes

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness on graph-based tasks. However, their predictive confidence is often miscalibrated, typically exhibiting under-confidence, which harms the reliability of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jincheng Huang , Jie Xu , Xiaoshuang Shi , Ping Hu , Lei Feng , Xiaofeng Zhu