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General Relativity resembles a very elegant crystal glass: If we touch its principles, that is, its Lagrangian, there is a risk of breaking everything. Or, if we will, it is like a short blanket: Curing some problems creates new problems.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-22 Celia Escamilla-Rivera , Júlio C. Fabris

We show that, in quadratic lagrangian theories of gravity, isotropic cosmological singularities are stable to the presence of small scalar, vector and tensor inhomogeneities. Unlike in general relativity, a particular exact isotropic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 John D. Barrow , Jonathan Middleton

The semiclassical interaction of the gravitational with a quantum scalar field is considered, in view of the renormalizability of the associated energy-momentum tensor in a n-dimensional curved spacetime resulting from a quadratic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-21 Kostas Kleidis

We show that a number of problems of modern cosmology may be solved in the framework of multidimensional gravity with high-order curvature invariants, without invoking other fields. We use a method employing a slow-change approximation,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 K. A. Bronnikov , R. V. Konoplich , S. G. Rubin

Modified gravity, known as $f(R)$ gravity, has presently been applied to Cosmology as a realistic alternative to dark energy. For this kind of gravity the expansion of the Universe may accelerate while containing only baryonic and cold dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-01 N. Pires , J. Santos , J. S. Alcaniz

We generalize the known equivalence between higher order gravity theories and scalar tensor theories to a new class of theories. Specifically, in the context of a first order or Palatini variational principle where the metric and connection…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Eanna E. Flanagan

We revisit the problem of defining non-minimal gravity in the first order formalism. Specializing to scalar-tensor theories, which may be disguised as `higher-derivative' models with the gravitational Lagrangians that depend only on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Alberto Iglesias , Nemanja Kaloper , Antonio Padilla , Minjoon Park

We show that extended theories of gravity with Lagrangian f(R,R_{\mu\nu}R^{\mu\nu}) in the Palatini formulation possess a phenomenology much richer than the simpler f(R) or f(R_{\mu\nu}R^{\mu\nu}) theories. In fact, we find that the scalars…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-23 Gonzalo J. Olmo , Helios Sanchis-Alepuz , Swapnil Tripathi

By applying the Palatini approach to the 1/R-gravity model it is possible to explain the present accelerated expansion of the Universe. Investigation of the late Universe limiting case shows that: (i) due to the curvature effects the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Gilberto M. Kremer , Daniele S. M. Alves

Palatini (or metric-affine) theories of gravity are characterized by having {\it a priori} independent metric and affine structures. The theories built in this framework have their field equations obtained as independent variations of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-13 Gonzalo J. Olmo , Diego Rubiera-Garcia

In this study, we explore the thermodynamic aspects of a modified version of Rastall's gravity theory and its implications for cosmological scenarios. We analyze the role of non-conserved energy-momentum tensor equations and investigate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 José A. C. Nogales , K. Luz-Burgoa , Laysa G. Martins

The multiplicative Lagrangian and Hamiltonian introduce an additional parameter that, despite its variation, results in identical equations of motion as those derived from the standard Lagrangian. This intriguing property becomes even more…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 Kittikun Surawuttinack , Suppanat Supanyo , Sikarin Yoo-Kong

The non-equivalence between the metric and Palatini formalisms of $f(R)$ gravity is an intriguing feature of these theories. However, in the recently proposed hybrid metric-Palatini gravity, consisting of the superposition of the metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-08-23 Salvatore Capozziello , Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo , Gonzalo J. Olmo

We consider multidimensional gravity with a Lagrangian containing the Ricci tensor squared and the Kretschmann invariant. In a Kaluza-Klein approach with a single compact extra space of arbitrary dimension, with the aid of a slow-change…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 K. A. Bronnikov , S. A. Kononogov , V. N. Melnikov , S. G. Rubin

The Covariant Canonical Gauge theory of Gravity is generalized by including at the Lagrangian level all possible quadratic curvature invariants. In this approach, the covariant Hamiltonian principle and the canonical transformation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-05 David Benisty , Eduardo I. Guendelman , David Vasak , Jurgen Struckmeier , Horst Stoecker

Background boucing cosmologies in the framework of General Relativity, driven by a single scalar field filling the Universe, and with a quasi-matter domination period, i.e., depicting the so-called Matter Bounce Scenario, are reconstructed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-22 Jaume de Haro

The Lagrangian formulation of classical field theories and in particular general relativity leads to a coordinate-free, fully covariant analysis of these constrained systems. This paper applies multisymplectic techniques to obtain the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 G. Esposito , C. Stornaiolo , G. Gionti

We study new FRW type cosmological models of modified gravity treated on the background of Palatini approach. These models are generalization of Einstein gravity by the presence of a scalar field non-minimally coupled to the curvature. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-03-13 A. Borowiec , M. Kamionka , A. Kurek , M. Szydlowski

In Cuzinatto et al. [Phys. Rev. D 93, 124034 (2016)], it has been demonstrated that theories of gravity in which the Lagrangian includes terms depending on the scalar curvature $R$ and its derivatives up to order $n$, i.e.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-07 R. R. Cuzinatto , C. A. M. de Melo , L. G. Medeiros , P. J. Pompeia

We consider the Palatini formalism of the Born-Infeld gravity. In the Palatini formalism, the propagating mode is only graviton, whose situation is different from that in the metric formalism. We discuss about the FRW cosmology by using an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-29 Meguru Komada , Shin'ichi Nojiri , Taishi Katsuragawa