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Experiments of water droplets impacting small geometric posts of equal dimension to the drop diameter are shown in this fluid dynamics video. High speed photography shows that the dynamics of drop splashing are significantly affected by the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-15 G. Juarez , Y. Zhang , T. Gastopoulos , P. E. Arratia

Splashing occurs when a liquid drop hits a dry solid surface at high velocity. This paper reports experimental studies of how the splash depends on the roughness and the texture of the surfaces as well as the viscosity of the liquid. For…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-06-13 Lei Xu

The dynamics of drop impact on solid surfaces can be changed significantly by tuning the elasticity of the solid. Most prominently, the substrate deformation causes an increase in the splashing threshold as compared to impact onto perfectly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-11-16 Marise V. Gielen , Riëlle de Ruiter , Jacco H. Snoeijer , Hanneke Gelderblom

Because splashing is such a violent process, one might naively expect that neither the direction of droplet emission nor the amount of ejected material can be controlled with any precision. Even though it is observed countless times in the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-08-18 Lei Xu , Sidney R. Nagel

Droplet impact on solid surfaces is a fluid phenomenon widely involved in additive manufacturing, heat management, and coating, in which the ability to exert control over the impact dynamics and duration is critical. While past studies have…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-14 Hussein Dalgamoni , Xin Yong

We investigate the interplay between substrate roughness and surrounding gas pressure in controlling the dynamics of splashing when a liquid drop hits a dry solid surface. We associate two distinct forms of splashing with each of these…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-09-29 Lei Xu , Loreto Barcos , Sidney R. Nagel

The impact of a drop onto a liquid layer and the subsequent splash has important implications for diverse physical processes such as air-sea gas transfer, cooling, and combustion. In the {\it crown splash} parameter regime, the splash…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2008-12-03 Robert D. Deegan , Philippe Brunet , Jens Eggers

We investigate the impact velocity beyond which the ejection of smaller droplets from the main droplet (splashing) occurs for droplets impacting a smooth surface. We examine its dependence on the surface wetting properties and droplet…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-01-11 T. C. de Goede , K. G. de Bruin , D. Bonn

Droplets that impact the surface of a deep liquid pool may form a vertical jet after the cavity formation event, provided they have sufficient impact energy. Depending on the associated time scales and the effect of the Rayleigh Plateau…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-29 Akshay Manoj Bhaskaran , Arnov Paul , Apurba Roy , Devranjan Samanta , Purbarun Dhar

When a droplet hits a surface fast enough, droplet splashing can occur: smaller secondary droplets detach from the main droplet during impact. While droplet splashing on smooth surfaces is by now well understood, the surface roughness also…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-05 T. C. de Goede , K. G. de Bruin , N. Shahidzadeh , D. Bonn

We present a three-dimensional numerical study of the splashing dynamics of non-spherical droplets impacting a quiescent liquid film, covering a wide range of aspect ratios (Ar) and Weber numbers (We). The simulations reveal distinct impact…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-28 Nagula Venkata Anirudh , Sachidananda Behera , Kirti Chandra Sahu

We consider the classical problem of droplet impact and droplet spread on a smooth surface in the case of an ideal inviscid fluid. We revisit the rim-lamella model of Roisman et al. [\textit{Proceedings of the Royal Society of London.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-13 Alidad Amirfazli , Miguel D. Bustamante , Yating Hu , Lennon Ó Náraigh

At atmospheric pressure, a drop of ethanol impacting on a solid surface produces a splash. Reducing the ambient pressure below its atmospheric value suppresses this splash. The origin of this so-called pressure effect is not well understood…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-13 A. M. P. Boelens , A. Latka , J. J. de Pablo

Droplet impacts are common in many applications such as coating, spraying, or printing; understanding how droplets spread after impact is thus of utmost importance. Such impacts may occur with different velocities on a variety of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-05 Benjamin Gorin , Hamid Kellay , Daniel Bonn

The impact dynamics of spinning droplets onto superhydrophobic surfaces was studied by using Volume-of-Fluid simulations, covering broad ranges of Weber number ($We$) and dimensionless angular velocity ($\mathit{\Omega}$). The omputational…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-18 Jinyang Wang , Feifei Jia , Xiaoyun Peng , Peng Zhang , Kai Sun , Tianyou Wang

The impact and splash of liquid drops on solid substrates are ubiquitous in many important fields. However, previous studies have mainly focused on spherical drops while the non-spherical situations, such as raindrops, charged drops,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-11-29 Qingzhe Liu , Jack Hau Yung Lo , Ye Li , Yuan Liu , Jinyu Zhao , Lei Xu

We consider the problem of droplet impact and droplet spreading on a smooth surface in the case of a viscous Newtonian fluid. We revisit the concept of the rim-lamella model, in which the droplet spreading is described by a system of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-11 Lennon Ó Náraigh , Miguel D. Bustamante

We explore the evolution of a splash when a liquid drop impacts a smooth, dry surface. There are two splashing regimes that occur when the liquid viscosity is varied, as is evidenced by its dependence on ambient gas pressure. A…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-18 Cacey S. Stevens , Andrzej Latka , Sidney R. Nagel

A liquid drop impacting a dry solid surface with sufficient kinetic energy will splash, breaking apart into numerous secondary droplets. This phenomenon shows many similarities to forced wetting, including the entrainment of air at the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-02-14 Andrzej Latka , Arnout M. P. Boelens , Sidney R. Nagel , Juan J. de Pablo

We present fluid dynamics videos illustrating wetting splashing-produced by water drop impact onto hydrophobic microstructures at high impact velocity ($\sim 3$ ms$^{-1}$). The substrate consists of regular and transparent microtextures in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-18 Peichun Tsai , Maurice Hendrix , Remko Dijkstra , Detlef Lohse
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