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Related papers: Simulation of Relativistic Jets and Associated Sel…

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We investigate shock structure and particle acceleration in relativistic magnetized collisionless electron-ion shocks by means of 2.5D particle-in-cell simulations with ion-to-electron mass ratios (m_i/m_e) ranging from 16 to 1000. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 Lorenzo Sironi , Anatoly Spitkovsky

We investigate shock structure and particle acceleration in relativistic magnetized collisionless pair shocks by means of 2.5D and 3D particle-in-cell simulations. We explore a range of inclination angles between the pre-shock magnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-11 Lorenzo Sironi , Anatoly Spitkovsky

Extragalactic plasma jets are some of the few astrophysical environments able to confine ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, but whether they are capable of accelerating these particles is unknown. In this work, we revisit particle acceleration…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-02 Benoît Cerutti , Gwenael Giacinti

The localized deposition of the energy of a laser pulse, as it ablates a solid target, introduces high thermal pressure gradients in the plasma. The thermal expansion of this laser-heated plasma into the ambient medium (ionized residual…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-11-30 M E Dieckmann , G Sarri , L Romagnani , I Kourakis , M Borghesi

Energetic electromagnetic emissions by astrophysical jets like those that are launched during the collapse of a massive star and trigger gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are partially attributed to relativistic internal shocks. The shocks are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-12 M E Dieckmann , A Bret

One of the key open questions in the study of relativistic jets is their interaction with the environment. Here, we study the initial evolution of both electron-proton and electron-positron relativistic jets, focusing on their lateral…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-28 K. I Nishikawa , J. T. Frederiksen , A. Nordlund , Y. Mizuno , P. E. Hardee , J. Niemiec , J. L. Gomez , A. Pe'er , I. Dutan , A. Meli , H. Sol , M. Pohl , D. H. Hartman

We discuss 3D simulations of relativistic collisionless shocks in electron-positron pair plasmas using the particle-in-cell (PIC) method. The shock structure is mainly controlled by the shock's magnetization ("sigma" parameter). We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Anatoly Spitkovsky

Collisionless relativistic shocks have been the focus of intense theoretical and numerical investigations in recent years. The acceleration of particles, the generation of electromagnetic microturbulence and the building up of a shock front…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Illya Plotnikov , Guy Pelletier , Martin Lemoine

The energetic electromagnetic eruptions observed during the prompt phase of gamma-ray bursts are attributed to synchrotron emissions. The internal shocks moving through the ultrarelativistic jet, which is ejected by an imploding…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-11-22 Gareth C. Murphy , Mark E. Dieckmann , Luke O'C Drury

We study the effect of plasma composition on the dynamics and morphology of the relativistic astrophysical jets. Our work is based on a relativistic total variation diminishing (TVD) simulation code. We use a relativistic equation of state…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-08 Raj Kishor Joshi , Indranil Chattopadhyay

We present evidence that relativistic shocks propagating in unmagnetized plasmas can self-consistently accelerate particles. We use long-term two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations to study the well-developed shock structure in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Anatoly Spitkovsky

Energetic positrons have been observed in the interstellar medium, and high-energy positrons with relativistic energies up to approximately 1 TeV have been detected in Galactic cosmic rays. We conducted a study on the acceleration of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-31 Huan Yu , Qi Xia , Jun Fang

Shocks in relativistically hot plasmas are thought to exist in various high-energy astrophysical phenomena, but it is not clear how relativistic collisionless shocks are formed, whether particles are accelerated by the shock as in the case…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-18 Kamiido Kazuki , Ohira Yutaka

We calculate the temporal evolution of distributions of relativistic electrons subject to synchrotron and adiabatic processes and Fermi-like acceleration in shocks. The shocks result from Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in the jet. Shock…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Micono , N. Zurlo , S. Massaglia , A. Ferrari , D. B. Melrose

We model the acceleration of electrons at a shock front in a relativistic blazar jet and compute the radiation they emit in a post-shock region which contains a homogeneous magnetic field. The full space, time and momentum dependence of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 J. G. Kirk , F. M. Rieger , A. Mastichiadis

Relativistic jets from (supermassive) black holes are typically observed in non-thermal emission, caused by highly-relativistic electrons. Here, we study the interrelation between three-dimensional (special) relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-20 Ravi Pratap Dubey , Christian Fendt , Bhargav Vaidya

Laser-driven collisonless electrostatic shock formation and the subsequent ion acceleration have been studied in near critical density plasmas. Particle-in-cell simulations show that both the speed of laser-driven collisionless…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-11-22 M. Liu , S. M. Weng , Y. T. Li , D. W. Yuan , M. Chen , P. Mulser , Z. M. Sheng , M. Murakami , L. L. Yu , X. L. Zheng , J. Zhang

Collisionless shock waves, found in supernova remnants, interstellar, stellar, and planetary environments, and laboratories, are one of nature's most powerful particle accelerators. This study combines in situ satellite measurements with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-05 Savvas Raptis , Ahmad Lalti , Martin Lindberg , Drew L. Turner , Damiano Caprioli , James L. Burch

We perform particle-in-cell simulations of perpendicular nonrelativistic collisionless shocks to study electron heating and pre-acceleration for parameters that permit extrapolation to the conditions at young supernova remnants. Our…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-10-04 Artem Bohdan , Jacek Niemiec , Oleh Kobzar , Martin Pohl

We present the first laboratory observations of time-resolved electron and ion velocity distributions in forming, magnetized collisionless shocks. Thomson scattering of a probe laser beam was used to observe the interaction of a…