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Let $D_n(x;a)$ and $E_n(x;a)\in\mathbb F_q[x]$ be Dickson polynomials of first and second kind respectively, where $\mathbb F_q$ is a finite field with $q$ elements. In this article we show explicitly the irreducible factors these…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-16 F. E. Brochero Martínez , Nelcy Esperanza Arévalo Baquero

This is the second in a series of four papers (with research announcement posted on this arXiv) that together develop a decomposition theory for subgroups of Out(F_n). In this paper we relativize the "Kolchin-type theorem" from the work of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-24 Michael Handel , Lee Mosher

In this paper, we test and extend a proposal of Gu, Pei, and Zhang for an application of decomposition to three-dimensional theories with one-form symmetries and to quantum K theory. The theories themselves do not decompose, but, OPEs of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-10-25 Eric Sharpe , Hao Zhang

We investigate finite field extensions of the unital 3-field, consisting of the unit element alone, and find considerable differences to classical field theory. Furthermore, the structure of their automorphism groups is clarified and the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-12-19 Steven Duplij , Wend Werner

We show that for every $N\ge 3$ the free unitary group $U^+_N$ is topologically generated by its classical counterpart $U_N$ and the lower-rank $U^+_{N-1}$. This allows for a uniform inductive proof that a number of finiteness properties,…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2019-04-09 Alexandru Chirvasitu

The factor complexity ${\mathcal C}_{\mathbf u}$ of a sequence ${\mathbf u} = u_0u_1u_2 \cdots$ over a finite alphabet counts the number of factors of length $n$ occurring in $\mathbf u$, i.e., ${\mathcal C}_{\mathbf u}(n) = \#{\mathcal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Lubomíra Dvořáková , Edita Pelantová

Efficient decomposition of permutation unitaries is vital as they frequently appear in quantum computing. In this paper, we identify the key properties that impact the decomposition process of permutation unitaries. Then, we classify these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-09 Ankit Khandelwal , Handy Kurniawan , Shraddha Aangiras , Özlem Salehi , Adam Glos

We complete the classification of the finite special linear groups $\SL_n(q)$ which are $(2,3)$-generated, i.e., which are generated by an involution and an element of order $3$. This also gives the classification of the finite simple…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-26 Marco Antonio Pellegrini

The group U_n(F) of all nxn unipotent upper-triangular matrices over F has derived length d := Ceiling(log_2 (n)), equivalently 2^{d-1} < n <= 2^d. We prove that U_n(F) has a 3-generated subgroup of derived length d, and it has a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-21 S. P. Glasby

We compute the $n_h$ terms to the massive three loop vector-, axialvector-, scalar- and pseudoscalar form factors in a direct analytic calculation using the method of large moments. This method has the advantage, that the master integrals…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-01-08 J. Blümlein , P. Marquard , N. Rana , C. Schneider

We construct a Zariski decomposition for cycle classes of arbitrary codimension. This decomposition is an analogue of well-known constructions for divisors. Examples illustrate how Zariski decompositions of cycle classes reflect the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-01-14 Mihai Fulger , Brian Lehmann

We enumerate factorizations of a Coxeter element in a well generated complex reflection group into arbitrary factors, keeping track of the fixed space dimension of each factor. In the infinite families of generalized permutations, our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Joel Brewster Lewis , Alejandro H. Morales

In this paper, the result of applying iterative univariate resultant constructions to multivariate polynomials is analyzed. We consider the input polynomials as generic polynomials of a given degree and exhibit explicit decompositions into…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2008-10-29 Laurent Busé , Bernard Mourrain

We investigate the coefficients generated by expressing the falling factorial $(xy)_k$ as a linear combination of falling factorial products $(x)_l (y)_m$ for $l,m =1,...,k$. Algebraic and combinatoric properties of these coefficients are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-01 Brad Osgood , William Wu

Decomposing tensors into orthogonal factors is a well-known task in statistics, machine learning, and signal processing. We study orthogonal outer product decompositions where the factors in the summands in the decomposition are required to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-09-13 Franz J. Király

The complete classification of the finite simple groups that are $(2,3)$-generated is a problem which is still open only for orthogonal groups. Here, we construct $(2, 3)$-generators for the finite odd-dimensional orthogonal groups…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-17 M. A. Pellegrini , M. C. Tamburini Bellani

We prove the decomposition of arbitrary diagonal operators into tensor and matrix products of smaller matrices, focusing on the analytic structure of the resulting formulas and their inherent symmetries. Diagrammatic representations are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 M. M. Fedin , A. A. Morozov

We consider the periods of the linear congruential and the power generators modulo $n$ and, for fixed choices of initial parameters, give lower bounds that hold for ``most'' $n$ when $n$ ranges over three different sets: the set of primes,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-26 P. Kurlberg , C. Pomerance

In this note we describe a new method of counting the number of unordered factorizations of a natural number by means of a generating function and a recurrence relation arising from it, which improves an earlier result in this direction.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-11-24 Shamik Ghosh

We will use commutators to provide decompositions of $3\times 3$ matrices as sums whose terms satisfy some polynomial identities, and we apply them to bounded linear operators and endomorphisms of free modules of infinite rank. In…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-09-08 Simion Breaz , Cristian Rafiliu