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The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) possesses the highest security among all practical quantum key distribution protocols. However, existing multi-intensity decoy-state methods may cause loopholes when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Chun-Hui Zhang , Chun-Mei Zhang , Qin Wang

In practical quantum key distribution (QKD) system, the state preparation and measurement are imperfect comparing with the ideal BB84 protocol, which are always state-dependent in practical realizations. If the state-dependent imperfections…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-21 Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Zheng-Fu Han , Wan-Su Bao , Guang-Can Guo

Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) protocol achieves performance beyond the repeaterless rate-transmittance bound and exhibits excellent practicality by avoiding the requirement for difficult global phase locking. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Yuewei Xu , Zeyang Lu , Chan Li , Jian Long , Zhu Cao

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) aims to achieve secure key distribution with only minimal assumptions, by basing its security on the violation of Bell inequalities. While this offers strong security guarantees, it comes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-28 Ernest Y. -Z. Tan

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security based on the laws of physics. Owing to the imperfections of real-life implementations, however, there is a big gap between the theory and practice of QKD,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-09 Feihu Xu , Marcos Curty , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Continuous-variable measurement-independent-device quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD) can offer high secure key rate at metropolitan distance and remove all side channel loopholes of detection as well. However, there is no complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-11 Hua-Lei Yin , Wei Zhu , Yao Fu

The ultimate aim of quantum key distribution (QKD) is improving the performance of transmission distance and key generation speed. Unfortunately, it is believed to be limited by the secret-key capacity of quantum channel without quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-22 Hua-Lei Yin , Yao Fu

Quantum cryptography or, more precisely, quantum key distribution (QKD), is one of the advanced areas in the field of quantum technologies. The confidentiality of keys distributed with the use of QKD protocols is guaranteed by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-30 A. S. Trushechkin , E. O. Kiktenko , D. A. Kronberg , A. K. Fedorov

We prove the unconditional security of coherent-state-based differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol (DPSQKD) with block-wise phase randomization. Our proof is based on the conversion of DPSQKD to an equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-10 Kiyoshi Tamaki , Masato Koashi , Go Kato

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution removes all detector-side attacks in quantum cryptography, and in the meantime doubles the secure distance. The source side, however, is still vulnerable to various attacks. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-23 Zhu Cao

To guarantee the security of quantum key distribution (QKD), several assumptions on light sources must be satisfied. For example, each random bit information is precisely encoded on an optical pulse and the photon-number probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-07 Akihiro Mizutani , Toshihiko Sasaki , Yuki Takeuchi , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Masato Koashi

Reference-frame-independent measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (RFI-MDI-QKD) can remove all potential detector side-channel attacks and the requirement of real-time alignment of reference frames. However, all previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Jian-Rong Zhu , Chun-Mei Zhang , Qin Wang

Quantum cryptography is now considered as a promising technology due to its promise of unconditional security. In recent years, rigorous work is being done for the experimental realization of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-02 Satish Kumar , Priya Malpani , Britant , Sandeep Mishra , Anirban Pathak

Silicon-based polarization-encoding quantum key distribution (QKD) has been widely studied, owing to its low cost and robustness. However, prior studies have utilized off-chip devices to demodulate the quantum states or perform polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 Yongqiang Du , Xun Zhu , Xin Hua , Zhengeng Zhao , Xiao Hu , Yi Qian , Xi Xiao , Kejin Wei

In this paper, we propose a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol based on only a two-dimensional Hilbert space encoding a quantum system and independent devices between the equipment for state preparation and measurement. Our protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Wei Chen , Shuang Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is moving from research laboratories towards applications. As computing becomes more mobile, cashless as well as cardless payment solutions are introduced, and a need arises for incorporating QKD in a mobile…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-04 J. Wabnig , D. Bitauld , H. W. Li , A. Laing , J. L. O'Brien , A. O. Niskanen

The quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users to share a common information-theoretic secure secret key. In order to guarantee the security of a practical QKD implementation, the physical system has to be fully characterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Aleksei Reutov , Andrey Tayduganov , Vladimir Mayboroda , Oleg Fat'yanov

Most security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) assume that there is no unwanted information leakage about the state preparation process. However, this assumption is impossible to guarantee in practice, as QKD systems can leak…

Measurement-device-independent (MDI) method is a way to solve all detector side-channel attacks in quantum key distribution (QKD). However, very little work has been done on experimentally feasible qudit-based MDI-QKD scheme although the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-31 H. F. Chau , Cardythy Wong , Qinan Wang , Tieqiao Huang