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The QED vacuum polarization in external monochromatic plane-wave electromagnetic fields is calculated with spatial and temporal variations of the external fields being taken into account. We develop a perturbation theory to calculate the…
Gravitational redshift is discussed in the context of quantum photons propagating in curved spacetime. A brief introduction to modelling realistic photons is first presented and the effect of gravity on the spectrum computed for photons…
Light wave-packets propagating from the Earth to satellites will be deformed by the curved background spacetime of the Earth, thus influencing the quantum state of light. We show that Gaussian coherence of photon pairs, which are initially…
Vacuum polarisation in QED in a background gravitational field induces interactions which effectively violate the strong equivalence principle and affect the propagation of light. In the low frequency limit, Drummond and Hathrell have shown…
It is now well-known that vacuum polarisation in QED can lead to superluminal low-frequency phase velocities for photons propagating in curved spacetimes. In a series of papers, we have shown that this quantum phenomenon is dispersive and…
The spectrum of gravitational waves that have been produced in inflation is modified during cosmological transitions. Large drops in the number of relativistic particles, like during the QCD transition or at $e^+e^-$ annihilation, lead to…
The one-loop effective action for QED in curved spacetime contains equivalence principle violating interactions between the electromagnetic field and the spacetime curvature. These interactions lead to the dependence of photon velocity on…
This work considers the way that quantum loop effects modify the propagation of light in curved space. The calculation of the refractive index for scalar QED is reviewed and then extended for the first time to QED with spinor particles in…
The effects of a nonsimply connected spacetime with the topology of $S^{1}\times R^{3}$ in the vacua of QED and gauged-NJL theories are investigated. It is shown that the polarization effects of twisted and untwisted fermions in QED are…
We reconsider the recently proposed nonlinear QED effect of quantum reflection of photons off an inhomogeneous strong-field region. We present new results for strong fields varying both in space and time. While such configurations can give…
Quantum fluctuations on curved spacetimes cause the emission of pairs of particles from the quantum vacuum, as in the Hawking effect from black holes. We use an optical analogue to gravity to investigate the influence of the curvature on…
The general features of renormalization and the renormalization group in QED and in general quantum field theories in curved spacetime with additional Lorentz- and CPT-violating background fields are reviewed.
Vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields are altered in presence of a strong gravitational background, with important physical consequences. We argue that a non-trivial spacetime geometry can act as an optically active medium for quantum…
In a recent work [Bret, EPL \textbf{135} (2021) 35001], quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects were evaluated for the two-stream instability. It pertains to the growth of perturbations with a wave vector oriented along the flow in a…
The suppression of relic gravitational waves due to their conversion into electromagnetic radiation in a cosmological magnetic field is studied. The coupled system of equations describing gravitational and electromagnetic wave propagation…
A canonical formalism for quantum electrodynamics in curved spacetime is developed. This formalism enables a systematic investigation of photons in the Schwarzschild gravitational field, yielding novel results as well as refining previous…
The interaction between gravitational and electromagnetic waves in the presence of a static magnetic field is studied. The field strength of the static field is allowed to surpass the Schwinger critical field, such that the quantum…
In quantum theory, the curved spacetime of Einstein's general theory of relativity acts as a dispersive optical medium for the propagation of light. Gravitational rainbows and birefringence replace the classical picture of light rays…
These lectures deal with selected aspects of quantum field theory in curved spacetime including the following topics: (1) Quantization of fields on a curved background, particle creation by gravitational fields, particle creation in an…
We study the effect of cubic and tidal interactions on the spectrum of gravitational waves emitted in the inspiral phase of the merger of two non-spinning objects. There are two independent parity-even cubic interaction terms, which we take…