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A graph $G$ is $k$-critical if $G$ is not $(k-1)$-colorable, but every proper subgraph of $G$ is $(k-1)$-colorable. A graph $G$ is $k$-choosable if $G$ has an $L$-coloring from every list assignment $L$ with $|L(v)|=k$ for all $v$, and a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-18 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

PhD Thesis--A compilation of the papers: "Lower Bounds for Identifying Codes in Some Infinite Grids", "Improved Bounds for r-identifying Codes of the Hex Grid", and "Vertex Identifying Codes for the n-dimensional Lattics" along with some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-15 Brendon Stanton

A bipartite graph $G=(L,R;E)$ with at least one edge is said to be identifiable if for every vertex $v\in L$, the subgraph induced by its non-neighbors has a matching of cardinality $|L|-1$. An $\ell$-subgraph of $G$ is an induced subgraph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-03-22 Stefan Kratsch , Martin Milanič

We prove that for every odd $q\geq 3$, any $q$-query binary, possibly non-linear locally decodable code ($q$-LDC) $E:\{\pm1\}^k \rightarrow \{\pm1\}^n$ must satisfy $k \leq \tilde{O}(n^{1-2/q})$. For even $q$, this bound was established in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Arpon Basu , Jun-Ting Hsieh , Pravesh K. Kothari , Andrew D. Lin

Morris and Saxton used the method of containers to bound the number of $n$-vertex graphs with $m$ edges containing no $\ell$-cycles, and hence graphs of girth more than $\ell$. We consider a generalization to $r$-uniform hypergraphs. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Sam Spiro , Jacques Verstraëte

Recently, several vertex identifying notions were introduced (identifying coloring, lid-coloring, ...), these notions were inspired by identifying codes. All of them, as well as original identifying code, are based on separating two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Sylvain Gravier , Simon Schmidt , Souad Slimani

Codes over trees were introduced recently to bridge graph theory and coding theory with diverse applications in computer science and beyond. A central challenge lies in determining the maximum number of labelled trees over $n$ nodes with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Yanzhi Li , Wenjie Zhong , Tingting Chen , Xiande Zhang

Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a graph with set of vertices $V(G)$ and set of edges $E(G)$. For $k\ge 0$ an integer, a subset $I_k$ of $V(G)$ is called a $k$-nearly independent vertex subset of $G$ if $I_k$ induces a subgraph of size $k$ in $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Zekhaya B. Shozi

The cage problem asks for the smallest number $c(k,g)$ of vertices in a $k$-regular graph of girth $g$ and graphs meeting this bound are known as cages. While cages are known to exist for all integers $k \ge 2$ and $g \ge 3$, the exact…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-03 John Bamberg , Anurag Bishnoi , Gordon F. Royle

Assume that a graph $G$ models a detection system for a facility with a possible "intruder," or a multiprocessor network with a possible malfunctioning processor. We consider the problem of placing (the minimum number of) detectors at a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Devin Jean , Suk Seo

In this article, we study locating-dominating codes in binary Hamming spaces $\mathbb{F}^n$. Locating-dominating codes have been widely studied since their introduction in 1980s by Slater and Rall. They are dominating sets suitable for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-09 Ville Junnila , Tero Laihonen , Tuomo Lehtilä

Let $\delta$ and $\Delta$ be the minimum and the maximum degree of the vertices of a simple connected graph $G$, respectively. The distinguishing index of a graph $G$, denoted by $D'(G)$, is the least number of labels in an edge labeling of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

A subset $S\subseteq V$ in a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a total $[1,2]$-set if, for every vertex $v\in V$, $1\leq |N(v)\cap S|\leq 2$. The minimum cardinality of a total $[1,2]$-set of $G$ is called the total $[1,2]$-domination number, denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-18 Xuezheng Lv , Baoyindureng Wu

An identifying code of a (di)graph $G$ is a dominating subset $C$ of the vertices of $G$ such that all distinct vertices of $G$ have distinct (in)neighbourhoods within $C$. In this paper, we classify all finite digraphs which only admit…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-10-11 Florent Foucaud , Reza Naserasr , Aline Parreau

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that any two edges on a path of length three receive distinct colors. We denote the strong chromatic index by $\chi_{s}'(G)$ which is the minimum number of colors that allow a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-23 Baochen Zhang , Yulin Chang , Jie Hu , Meijie Ma , Donglei Yang

This paper introduces the notion of an $(\iota,q)$-critical graph. The isolation number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\iota(G)$ and also known as the vertex-edge domination number of $G$, is the size of a smallest subset $D$ of the vertex set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Karl Bartolo , Peter Borg , Magda Dettlaff , Magdalena Lemańska , Paweł Żyliński

A good edge-labelling of a simple graph is a labelling of its edges with real numbers such that, for any ordered pair of vertices (u,v), there is at most one nondecreasing path from u to v. Say a graph is good if it admits a good…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-13 Abbas Mehrabian

For integers $k$ and $\ell$, let $\operatorname{ind}(k, \ell)$ be the maximum proportion of $k$-vertex subsets of a large graph that induce exactly $\ell$ edges. The edge-statistics theorem (conjectured by Alon-Hefetz-Krivelevich-Tyomkyn,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Alexandr Grebennikov , Matthew Kwan

In this short note we revisit the upper bound of the asymptotic least density of covering codes of radius $R$ in $[q]^n$ established by Krivelevich, Sudakov, and Vu. We show that by using a slightly different optimization in their core…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Andrey Shapiro

In a reduction sequence of a graph, vertices are successively identified until the graph has one vertex. At each step, when identifying $u$ and $v$, each edge incident to exactly one of $u$ and $v$ is coloured red. Bonnet, Kim, Thomass\'e…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Édouard Bonnet , O-joung Kwon , David R. Wood
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