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We present a novel approach to estimating discrete distributions with (potentially) infinite support in the total variation metric. In a departure from the established paradigm, we make no structural assumptions whatsoever on the sampling…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Doron Cohen , Aryeh Kontorovich , Geoffrey Wolfer

The abundance of cosmic voids can be described by an analogue of halo mass functions for galaxy clusters. In this work, we explore a number of void mass functions: from those based on excursion-set theory to new mass functions obtained by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-05 Siri Chongchitnan , Matthew Hunt

The article focuses on the problems of prime gaps and zero spacings. Possible solutions of several related problems such as the greatest lower bound, the least upper bound of the zero spacings, and the least upper bound of the prime gaps…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-12-13 N. A. Carella

We consider distributions on $\mathbb{R}$ that can be written as the sum of a non-zero discrete distribution and an absolutely continuous distribution. We show that such a distribution is quasi-infinitely divisible if and only if its…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-21 David Berger , Merve Kutlu

Topological mapping of a large physical system on a graph, and its decomposition using universal measures is proposed. We find inherent limits to the potential for optimization of a given system and its approximate representations by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Vladan Mlinar

We present novel bounds for estimating discrete probability distributions under the $\ell_\infty$ norm. These are nearly optimal in various precise senses, including a kind of instance-optimality. Our data-dependent convergence guarantees…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Aryeh Kontorovich , Amichai Painsky

In this paper we define distributions on moment spaces corresponding to measures on the real line with an unbounded support. We identify these distributions as limiting distributions of random moment vectors defined on compact moment spaces…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-14 Holger Dette , Jan Nagel

The problem of determining the joint probability distributions for correlated random variables with pre-specified marginals is considered. When the joint distribution satisfying all the required conditions is not unique, the "most unbiased"…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-12 Hernán Larralde

We consider a particle with a position-dependent mass, moving in a three-dimensional semi-infinite parallelepipedal or cylindrical channel under the influence of some hyperbolic potential. We show that the lack of uniformity in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Quesne

A construction of product measures is given for an arbitrary sequence of measure spaces via outer measure techniques without imposing any condition on the underlying measure spaces. This approach concludes finally the problem of the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Juan Carlos Sampedro

We develop a theory of limits of finite posets in close analogy to the recent theory of graph limits. In particular, we study representations of the limits by functions of two variables on a probability space, and connections to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-03 Svante Janson

Our standard model of the Universe predicts the distribution of dark matter to $1\%$ at the scales needed for upcoming experiments, yet our predictions for how the luminous matter -- which has interactions besides gravity -- is distributed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-03 Nora Elisa Chisari

We establish exponential bounds for the hypergeometric distribution which include a finite sampling correction factor, but are otherwise analogous to bounds for the binomial distribution due to Le\'on and Perron (2003) and Talagrand (1994).…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-08 Evan Greene , Jon A. Wellner

This article derives lower bounds on the supremal (strict) p-negative type of finite metric spaces using purely elementary techniques. The bounds depend only on the cardinality and the (scaled) diameter of the underlying finite metric…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2008-07-18 Anthony Weston

This short review is devoted to measures on infinite dimensional spaces. We start by discussing product measures and projective techniques. Special attention is paid to measures on linear spaces, and in particular to Gaussian measures.…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-08 José Velhinho

In this paper, we provide novel characterizations of the weakly unobservable and the strongly reachable subspaces corresponding to a given state-space system. These characterizations provide closed-form representations for the said…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-09 Imrul Qais , Chayan Bhawal , Debasattam Pal

Motivated by Leinster-Cobbold measures of biodiversity, the notion of the spread of a finite metric space is introduced. This is related to Leinster's magnitude of a metric space. Spread is generalized to infinite metric spaces equipped…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-01-07 Simon Willerton

Detailed observations of the temperature fluctuations in the microwave background radiation indicate that we live in an open universe. From the size of these fluctuations it is concluded that the geometry of the universe is quite close to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Selcuk Bayin

In this article we want to answer the cosmologically relevant question what, with some good semantic and physical reason, could be called the mass of an infinitely extended, homogeneously matter-filled and expanding universe. To answer this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-21 H. J. Fahr , Michael Heyl

We consider the set of finite sequences of length n over a finite or countable alphabet C. We consider the function which associate each given sequence with the size of the maximum overlap with a (shifted) copy of itself. We compute the…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-10-28 Miguel Abadi , Rodrigo Lambert