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We present a new connection between self-adjusting binary search trees (BSTs) and heaps, two fundamental, extensively studied, and practically relevant families of data structures. Roughly speaking, we map an arbitrary heap algorithm within…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-01 László Kozma , Thatchaphol Saranurak

A tree-packing is a collection of spanning trees of a graph. It has been a useful tool for computing the minimum cut in static, dynamic, and distributed settings. In particular, [Thorup, Comb. 2007] used them to obtain his dynamic min-cut…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Tijn de Vos , Aleksander B. G. Christiansen

We revisit the classical algorithms for searching over sorted sets to introduce an algorithm refinement, called Adaptive Search, that combines the good features of Interpolation search and those of Binary search. W.r.t. Interpolation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-16 Biagio Bonasera , Emilio Ferrara , Giacomo Fiumara , Francesco Pagano , Alessandro Provetti

We give improved algorithms for maintaining edge-orientations of a fully-dynamic graph, such that the out-degree of each vertex is bounded. On one hand, we show how to orient the edges such that the out-degree of each vertex is proportional…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Aleksander B. G. Christiansen , Jacob Holm , Ivor van der Hoog , Eva Rotenberg , Chris Schwiegelshohn

Sorting is a foundational problem in computer science that is typically employed on sequences or total orders. More recently, a more general form of sorting on partially ordered sets (or posets), where some pairs of elements are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Jishnu Roychoudhury , Jatin Yadav

We consider the problem of constructing optimal decision trees: given a collection of tests which can disambiguate between a set of $m$ possible diseases, each test having a cost, and the a-priori likelihood of the patient having any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Anupam Gupta , Viswanath Nagarajan , R. Ravi

Bi-directional search is a widely used strategy to increase the success and convergence rates of sampling-based motion planning algorithms. Yet, few results are available that merge both bi-directional search and asymptotic optimality into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Joseph A. Starek , Javier V. Gomez , Edward Schmerling , Lucas Janson , Luis Moreno , Marco Pavone

The paper investigates a version of the resource allocation problem arising in the wireless networking, namely in the OVSF code reallocation process. In this setting a complete binary tree of a given height $n$ is considered, together with…

Many dynamic graph algorithms have an amortized update time, rather than a stronger worst-case guarantee. But amortized data structures are not suitable for real-time systems, where each individual operation has to be executed quickly. For…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Aaron Bernstein , Sebastian Forster , Monika Henzinger

Decision trees are popular in survival analysis for their interpretability and ability to model complex relationships. Survival trees, which predict the timing of singular events using censored historical data, are typically built through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Antonio Consolo , Edoardo Amaldi , Emilio Carrizosa

Numerous machine learning algorithms contain pairwise statistical problems at their core---that is, tasks that require computations over all pairs of input points if implemented naively. Often, tree structures are used to solve these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-22 Ryan R. Curtin , Dongryeol Lee , William B. March , Parikshit Ram

Decision tree optimization is fundamental to interpretable machine learning. The most popular approach is to greedily search for the best feature at every decision point, which is fast but provably suboptimal. Recent approaches find the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Varun Babbar , Hayden McTavish , Cynthia Rudin , Margo Seltzer

The generalized egg dropping problem is a classic challenge in sequential decision-making. Standard dynamic programming evaluates the minimax minimum number of tests in $\mathcal{O}(K \cdot N^2)$ time. A known approach formulates the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Kleitos Papadopoulos

The cost-distance Steiner tree problem seeks a Steiner tree that minimizes the total congestion cost plus the weighted sum of source-sink delays. This problem arises as a subroutine in timing-constrained global routing with a linear delay…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Stephan Held , Edgar Perner

Let $P$ and $S$ be two disjoint sets of $n$ and $m$ points in the plane, respectively. We consider the problem of computing a Steiner tree whose Steiner vertices belong to $S$, in which each point of $P$ is a leaf, and whose longest edge…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-05-02 Ahmad Biniaz , Anil Maheshwari , Michiel Smid

Polytrees are a subclass of Bayesian networks that seek to capture the conditional dependencies between a set of $n$ variables as a directed forest and are motivated by their more efficient inference and improved interpretability. Since the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Juha Harviainen , Frank Sommer , Manuel Sorge

The maximum/minimum bisection problems are, given an edge-weighted graph, to find a bipartition of the vertex set into two sets whose sizes differ by at most one, such that the total weight of edges between the two sets is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Tesshu Hanaka , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Taiga Sone

Enumeration algorithms have been one of recent hot topics in theoretical computer science. Different from other problems, enumeration has many interesting aspects, such as the computation time can be shorter than the total output size, by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-16 Takeaki Uno

We give improved algorithms for maintaining edge-orientations of a fully-dynamic graph, such that the out-degree of each vertex is bounded. On one hand, we show how to orient the edges such that the out-degree of each vertex is proportional…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Chandra Chekuri , Aleksander Bjørn Christiansen , Jacob Holm , Ivor van der Hoog , Kent Quanrud , Eva Rotenberg , Chris Schwiegelshohn

Distributed minimum spanning tree (MST) problem is one of the most central and fundamental problems in distributed graph algorithms. Garay et al. \cite{GKP98,KP98} devised an algorithm with running time $O(D + \sqrt{n} \cdot \log^* n)$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Michael Elkin