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Emerging dimming occurs in isolated solar active regions (ARs) during the early stages of magnetic flux emergence. Observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, it features a rapid decrease in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) emission in the 171…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Anna V. Payne , Xudong Sun

Upflows and downflows at active region (AR) boundaries have been frequently observed with spectroscopic observations at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) passbands. In this paper, we report the coexistence of upflows and downflows at the AR…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-13 Yuchuan Wu , Zhenyong Hou , Wenxian Li , Xianyong Bai , Yongliang Song , Xiao Yang , Ziyao Hu , Yuanyong Deng , Kaifan Ji

We have performed a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation to study the emergence of a twisted magnetic flux tube from -20,000 km of the solar convection zone to the corona through the photosphere and the chromosphere. The middle…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 S. Toriumi , T. Yokoyama

AB Dor, Speedy Mic and Rst137B are in their early post-T Tauri evolutionary phase (<100Myr), at the age of fastest rotation in the life of late-type stars. They straddle the coronal saturation-supersaturation boundary first defined by young…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 D. Garcia-Alvarez , J. J. Drake , V. L. Kashyap , L. Lin , B. Ball

The strength and morphology of the Sun's magnetic field evolves significantly during the solar cycle, with the overall polarity of the Sun's magnetic field reversing during the maximum of solar activity. Long-term changes are also observed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-01 Adam J. Finley , Allan Sacha Brun

We use The Sun Watcher with Active Pixel System detector and Image Processing (SWAP) imager onboard the Project for Onboard Autonomy 2 (PROBA2) mission to study the evolution of large-scale EUV structures in the solar corona observed…

Coronal dimmings are distinct phenomena associated to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The study of coronal dimmings and the extraction of their characteristic parameters helps us to obtain additional information of CMEs, especially on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 Karin Dissauer , Astrid M. Veronig , Manuela Temmer , Tatiana Podladchikova , Kamalam Vanninathan

Understanding the generation and development of the continuous outflow from the Sun requires tracing the physical conditions from deep in the corona to the heliosphere. Detailed global observations of plasma state variables and the magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-01 Yeimy J. Rivera , Samuel T. Badman

Solar active regions are associated with Evershed outflows in sunspot penumbrae, moat outflows surrounding sunspots, and extended inflows surrounding active regions. The latter have been identified on established active regions by various…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 N. Gottschling , H. Schunker , A. C. Birch , B. Löptien , L. Gizon

Magnetic flux emergence and decay in the Sun span from days to months. However, their tracking is typically limited to about half a solar rotation when relying on single-vantage-point observations. Combining observations from both the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 I. Kontogiannis , Y. Zhu , K. Barczynski , M. Z. Stiefel , H. Collier , J. McKevitt , J. S. Castellanos Durán , S. Berdyugina , L. K. Harra

The Sun's polar magnetic fields are directly related to solar cycle variability. The strength of the polar fields at the start (minimum) of a cycle determine the subsequent amplitude of that cycle. In addition, the polar field reversals at…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-01 Lisa Upton , David H. Hathaway

The acceleration of the young solar wind is studied using the first 17 encounters of Parker Solar Probe. We identify wind intervals from different source regions: coronal hole (CH) interiors, streamers, and low Mach number boundary layers…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Yiming Jiao , Ying D. Liu , Wenshuai Cheng , Hao Ran , Rui Wang

We present a 2.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a systematically rotating prominence inside its coronal cavity using the open-source \texttt{MPI-AMRVAC} code. Our simulation starts from a non-adiabatic, gravitationally…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-28 Valeriia Liakh , Rony Keppens

The release of density structures at the tip of the coronal helmet streamers, likely as a consequence of magnetic reconnection, contributes to the mass flux of the slow solar wind. In situ measurements in the vicinity of the heliospheric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 E. Sanchez-Diaz , A. Rouillard , B. Lavraud , E. Kilpua , J. Davies

The internal dynamics of the Sun generate magnetic and plasma structures in the photosphere and overlying atmosphere across a wide range of spatial scales. Identifying the critical spatial scale is essential for interpreting physical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Ananya Hore , Prantika Bhowmik

Magnetic field emerges at the surface of the Sun as sunspots and active regions. This process generates a poloidal magnetic field from a rising toroidal flux tube, it is a crucial but poorly understood aspect of the solar dynamo. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-19 Aaron C. Birch , Hannah Schunker , Douglas C. Braun , Robert Cameron , Laurent Gizon , Björn Löptien , Matthias Rempel

Magnetic loops filled with hot plasma are the main building blocks of the solar corona. Usually they have lengths of the order of the barometric scale height in the corona that is 50 Mm. Previously it has been suggested that miniature…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-15 Krzysztof Barczynski , Hardi Peter , Sabrina L. Savage

Magnetic energy released in the corona by solar flares reaches the chromosphere where it drives characteristic upflows and downflows known as evaporation and condensation. These flows are studied here for the case where energy is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 D. W. Longcope

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are manifestations of energy release in the solar atmosphere, which can be accompanied by dynamic mass motions and waves in the surrounding atmosphere. Here, we present observations of plasma…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-26 Mohamed Nedal , David M. Long , Catherine Cuddy , Lidia Van Driel-Gesztelyi , Peter T. Gallagher

Aims: To study the origin and characteristics of a bright coronal downflow seen after a coronal mass ejection associated with erupting prominences on 5 March 2000. Methods: This study extends that of Tripathi et al. (A&A, v. 449, pp. 369)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 D. Tripathi , S. K. Solanki , H. E. Mason , D. F. Webb