English
Related papers

Related papers: Structure Theorem and Isomorphism Test for Graphs …

200 papers

We give new decomposition theorems for classes of graphs that can be transduced in first-order logic from classes of sparse graphs -- more precisely, from classes of bounded expansion and from nowhere dense classes. In both cases, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Jan Dreier , Jakub Gajarský , Sandra Kiefer , Michał Pilipczuk , Szymon Toruńczyk

The graph homomorphism problem (HOM) asks whether the vertices of a given $n$-vertex graph $G$ can be mapped to the vertices of a given $h$-vertex graph $H$ such that each edge of $G$ is mapped to an edge of $H$. The problem generalizes the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Fedor V. Fomin , Alexander Golovnev , Alexander S. Kulikov , Ivan Mihajlin

Robertson and Seymour proved that the relation of graph immersion is well-quasi-ordered for finite graphs. Their proof uses the results of graph minors theory. Surprisingly, there is a very short proof of the corresponding rough structure…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-10 Matt DeVos , Jessica McDonald , Bojan Mohar , Diego Scheide

The notion of graph cover, also known as locally bijective homomorphism, is a discretization of covering spaces known from general topology. It is a pair of incidence-preserving vertex- and edge-mappings between two graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Jan Kratochvil , Roman Nedela

We study dismantlability in graphs. In order to compare this notion to similar operations in posets (partially ordered sets) or in simplicial complexes, we prove that a graph G dismants on a subgraph H if and only if H is a strong…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-10-12 Etienne Fieux , Jacqueline Lacaze

In this paper we introduce a general framework for the study of limits of relational structures in general and graphs in particular, which is based on a combination of model theory and (functional) analysis. We show how the various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez

In the final paper of the Graph Minors series N. Robertson and P. Seymour proved that graphs are well-quasi-ordered under the immersion ordering. A direct implication of this theorem is that each class of graphs that is closed under taking…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , Iosif Salem , Dimitris Zoros

A large driver of the complexity of graph learning is the interplay between structure and features. When analyzing the expressivity of graph neural networks, however, existing approaches ignore features in favor of structure, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Martin Carrasco , Olga Zaghen , Kavir Sumaraj , Erik Bekkers , Bastian Rieck

We prove that unless the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) fails, deciding if there is a homomorphism from graph $G$ to graph $H$ cannot be done in time $|V(H)|^{o(|V(G)|)}$. We also show an exponential-time reduction from Graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-17 Marek Cygan , Fedor V. Fomin , Alexander Golovnev , Alexander S. Kulikov , Ivan Mihajlin , Jakub Pachocki , Arkadiusz Socała

The computational complexity of the graph isomorphism problem is considered to be a major open problem in theoretical computer science. It is known that testing isomorphism of chordal graphs is polynomial-time equivalent to the general…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Vikraman Arvind , Roman Nedela , Ilia Ponomarenko , Peter Zeman

It is folklore that tree-width is monotone under taking subgraphs (i.e. injective graph homomorphisms) and contractions (certain kinds of surjective graph homomorphisms). However, although tree-width is obviously not monotone under any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Benjamin Merlin Bumpus , James Fairbanks , Will J. Turner

A homomorphism from a graph $G$ to a graph $H$ is an edge-preserving mapping from $V(G)$ to $V(H)$. Let $H$ be a fixed graph with possible loops. In the list homomorphism problem, denoted by \textsc{LHom}($H$), the instance is a graph $G$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Karolina Okrasa , Paweł Rzążewski

We propose an algebraic study of the simple graph isomorphism problem. We define a Hopf algebra from an explicit realization of its elements as formal power series. We show that these series can be evaluated on graphs and count occurrences…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-19 Nicolas Borie

We give a general construction leading to different non-isomorphic families $\Gamma_{n,q}(\K)$ of connected $q$-regular semisymmetric graphs of order $2q^{n+1}$ embedded in $\PG(n+1,q)$, for a prime power $q=p^h$, using the linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-10 Philippe Cara , Sara Rottey , Geertrui Van de Voorde

The aim of this chapter is to provide an adequate graph theoretic framework for the description of periodic bifurcations which have recently been discovered in descendant trees of finite p-groups. The graph theoretic concepts of rooted…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-30 Daniel C. Mayer

Graphons $W$ can be used as stochastic models to sample graphs $G_n$ on $n$ nodes for $n$ arbitrarily large. A graphon $W$ is said to have the $H$-property if $G_n$ admits a decomposition into disjoint cycles with probability one as $n$…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-12 Mohamed-Ali Belabbas , Xudong Chen , Tamer Basar

Determining whether two graphs are structurally identical is a fundamental problem with applications spanning mathematics, computer science, chemistry, and network science. Despite decades of study, graph isomorphism remains a challenging…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Sara Najem , Amer E. Mouawad

The Fundamental Morphism Theorem is a categorical version of the First Noether Isomorphism Theorem for categories that do not have kernels or cokernels. We consider two categories of graphs. Both categories will admit graphs with multiple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-31 Tien Chih , Demitri Plessas

In recent work by Johnson et al. (2022), a framework was described for the study of graph problems over classes specified by omitting each of a finite set of graphs as subgraphs. If a problem falls into the framework then its computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Tala Eagling-Vose , Barnaby Martin , Daniel Paulusma , Siani Smith

We develop a structural approach to simultaneous embeddability in temporal sequences of graphs, inspired by graph minor theory. Our main result is a classification theorem for 2-connected temporal sequences: we identify five obstruction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-02 Johannes Carmesin , Will J. Turner