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The study of {\em balls-into-bins processes} or {\em occupancy problems} has a long history. These processes can be used to translate realistic problems into mathematical ones in a natural way. In general, the goal of a balls-into-bins…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Tugkan Batu , Petra Berenbrink , Colin Cooper

We introduce a new class of balanced allocation processes which bias towards underloaded bins (those with load below the mean load) either by skewing the probability by which a bin is chosen for an allocation (probability bias), or…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-12 Dimitrios Los , Thomas Sauerwald , John Sylvester

We consider the allocation of $m$ balls (jobs) into $n$ bins (servers). In the standard Two-Choice process, at each step $t=1,2,\ldots,m$ we first sample two randomly chosen bins, compare their two loads and then place a ball in the least…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Dimitrios Los , Thomas Sauerwald

We consider the allocation problem in which $m \leq (1-\epsilon) dn $ items are to be allocated to $n$ bins with capacity $d$. The items $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_m$ arrive sequentially and when item $x_i$ arrives it is given two possible bin…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Alan Frieze , Samantha Petti

We consider the allocation of $m$ balls (jobs) into $n$ bins (servers). In the standard Two-Choice process, at each step $t=1,2,\ldots,m$ we first sample two bins uniformly at random and place a ball in the least loaded bin. It is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Dimitrios Los , Thomas Sauerwald , John Sylvester

In dynamic load balancing, we wish to distribute balls into bins in an environment where both balls and bins can be added and removed. We want to minimize the maximum load of any bin but we also want to minimize the number of balls and bins…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Anders Aamand , Jakob Bæk Tejs Knudsen , Mikkel Thorup

In this paper, we study the maximum loads of explicit hash families in the $d$-choice schemes when allocating sequentially $n$ balls into $n$ bins. We consider the \emph{Uniform-Greedy} scheme, which provides $d$ independent bins for each…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Xue Chen

Balls are sequentially allocated into $n$ bins as follows: for each ball, an independent, uniformly random bin is generated. An overseer may then choose to either allocate the ball to this bin, or else the ball is allocated to a new…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-04 Ohad N. Feldheim , Ori Gurel-Gurevich

We provide a relatively simple proof that the expected gap between the maximum load and the average load in the two choice process is bounded by $(1+o(1))\log \log n$, irrespective of the number of balls thrown. The theorem was first proven…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-10-22 Kunal Talwar , Udi Wieder

Load balancing is a well-studied problem, with balls-in-bins being the primary framework. The greedy algorithm $\mathsf{Greedy}[d]$ of Azar et al. places each ball by probing $d > 1$ random bins and placing the ball in the least loaded of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-24 John Augustine , William K. Moses , Amanda Redlich , Eli Upfal

In the balanced allocations framework, there are $m$ jobs (balls) to be allocated to $n$ servers (bins). The goal is to minimize the gap, the difference between the maximum and the average load. Peres, Talwar and Wieder (RSA 2015) used the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Dimitrios Los , Thomas Sauerwald

We estimate the size of a most loaded bin in the setting when the balls are placed into the bins using a random linear function in a finite field. The balls are chosen from a transformed interval. We show that in this setting the expected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Martin Babka

We consider an infinite balls-into-bins process with deletions where in each discrete step $t$ a coin is tossed as to whether, with probability $\beta(t) \in (0,1)$, a new ball is allocated using the Greedy[2] strategy (which places the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Petra Berenbrink , Tom Friedetzky , Peter Kling , Lars Nagel

In this work, we examine a generic class of simple distributed balls-into-bins algorithms. Exploiting the strong concentration bounds that apply to balls-into-bins games, we provide an iterative method to compute accurate estimates of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-08-01 Pierre Bertrand , Christoph Lenzen

We explore a novel theoretical model for studying the performance of distributed storage management systems where the data-centers have limited capacities (as compared to storage space requested by the users). Prior schemes such as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-06-19 Ankur Sahai

We propose a sorting-based greedy algorithm called SortedGreedy[m] for approximately solving the offline version of the d-choice weighted balls-into-bins problem where the number of choices for each ball is equal to the number of bins. We…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Ömer Demirel , Ivo F. Sbalzarini

We explore the fundamental limits of distributed balls-into-bins algorithms. We present an adaptive symmetric algorithm that achieves a bin load of two in log* n+O(1) communication rounds using O(n) messages in total. Larger bin loads can…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-03-01 Christoph Lenzen , Roger Wattenhofer

Suppose we sequentially put $n$ balls into $n$ bins. If we put each ball into a random bin then the heaviest bin will contain ${\sim}\log n/\log\log n$ balls with high probability. However, Azar, Broder, Karlin and Upfal [SIAM J. Comput. 29…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-09-13 Itai Benjamini , Yury Makarychev

We consider the following balls-into-bins process with $n$ bins and $m$ balls: each ball is equipped with a mutually independent exponential clock of rate 1. Whenever a ball's clock rings, the ball samples a random bin and moves there if…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-03 Petra Berenbrink , Peter Kling , Christopher Liaw , Abbas Mehrabian

Food waste and food insecurity are two closely related pressing global issues. Food rescue organizations worldwide run programs aimed at addressing the two problems. In this paper, we partner with a non-profit organization in the state of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Marios Mertzanidis , Alexandros Psomas , Paritosh Verma