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We apply principal component analysis (PCA) to a set of electrical output signals from a commercially available superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) to investigate their photon-number-resolving capability. We find that…

Using detector tomography, we investigate the detection mechanism in NbN-based superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs). We demonstrate that the detection probability uniquely depends on a particular linear combination of bias…

Most, if not all, photonic quantum computing (PQC) relies upon superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) based on niobium (Nb) operated at a temperature < 4 K. This paper proposes and analyzes 300 K waveguide-integrated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Neil Na , Chou-Yun Hsu , Erik Chen , Richard Soref

Free-running InGaAs/InP single-photon detectors (SPDs) based on negative-feedback avalanche diodes (NFADs) are the key components for applications requiring asynchronous single-photon detection in the near-infrared region. From the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-02-20 Qi Xu , Chao Yu , Wei Chen , Jianglin Zhao , Dajian Cui , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Single photon detectors (SPDs) are essential technology in quantum science, quantum network, biology, and advanced imaging. To detect the small quantum of energy carried in a photon, conventional SPDs rely on energy excitation across either…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors are widely used in various fields of physics and technology, due to their high efficiency and timing precision. Although, in principle, their detection mechanism offers broadband operation,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-25 Martin Baránek , Pavol Neilinger , Samuel Kern , Miroslav Grajcar

We investigate the role of electrothermal feedback in the operation of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). It is found that the desired mode of operation for SNSPDs is only achieved if this feedback is unstable, which…

Superconductivity · Physics 2013-10-22 Andrew J. Kerman , Joel K. W. Yang , Richard J. Molnar , Eric A. Dauler , Karl K. Berggren

InGaAs/InP single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) working in the regime of GHz clock rates are crucial components for the high-speed quantum key distribution (QKD). We have developed for the first time a compact, stable and user-friendly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Xiao-Lei Liang , Jian-Hong Liu , Quan Wang , De-Bing Du , Jian Ma , Ge Jin , Zeng-Bing Chen , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Reliable single photon detection is the foundation for practical quantum communication and networking. However, today's superconducting nanowire single photon detector(SNSPD) inherently fails to distinguish between genuine photon events and…

Silicon single-photon detectors (SPDs) are key devices for detecting single photons in the visible wavelength range. Photon detection efficiency (PDE) is one of the most important parameters of silicon SPDs, and increasing PDE is highly…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-08 Yu-Qiang Fang , Kai Luo , Xing-Guo Gao , Gai-Qing Huo , Ang Zhong , Peng-Fei Liao , Pu Pu , Xiao-Hui Bao , Yu-Ao Chen , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

High bandwidth and low dark current germanium (Ge) photodetectors are crucial in silicon photonic integrated circuits. The bandwidth of Ge photodetectors is restricted by carrier transit time and parasitic parameters. And thermal generation…

Single-photon detection with high efficiency, high timing resolution, low dark counts and high photon detection-rates is crucial for a wide range of optical measurements. Although efficient detectors have been reported before, combining all…

Quantum Key Distribution has made continuous progress over the last 20 years and is now commercially available. However, the secret key rates (SKR) are still limited to a few Mbps. Here, we present a custom multipixel superconducting…

Nitrogen-doped Tungsten-Rhenium superconducting alloys were recently proposed as a promising material platform for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), offering a favorable balance between high normal state resistivity…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-05-26 F. Colangelo , Abhishek Kumar , H. Wang , F. Avitabile , C. Attanasio , I. Esmaeil Zadeh , C. Cirillo

We experimentally investigated the detection performance of highly disordered NbxTi1-xN based superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). The dependence on the composition of the transition temperature Tc for NbxTi1-xN films…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-10-28 Ruoyan Ma , Rui Shu , Xingyu Zhang , Aobo Yu , Huang Jia , You Xiao , Huiqin Yu , Xiaoyu Liu , Hao Li , Per Eklund , Xiaofu Zhang , Lixing You

We report on high-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors based on amorphous WSi and optimized at 1064 nm. At an operating temperature of 1.8 K, we demonstrated a 93% system detection efficiency at this wavelength with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-15 H. Le Jeannic , V. B. Verma , A. Cavaillès , F. Marsili , M. D. Shaw , K. Huang , O. Morin , S. W. Nam , J. Laurat

We demonstrate and characterize first superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) made from atomic layer-deposited (ALD) NbN layers. To assess the suitability of these films as a detector material, transport properties of bare…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-04-01 Emanuel Knehr , Artem Kuzmin , Mario Ziegler , Steffen Doerner , Konstantin Ilin , Michael Siegel , Ronny Stolz , Heidemarie Schmidt

A broad range of scientific and industrial disciplines require precise optical measurements at very low light levels. Single-photon detectors combining high efficiency and high time resolution are pivotal in such experiments. By using…

Photonic quantum technologies promise to repeat the success of integrated nanophotonic circuits in non-classical applications. Using linear optical elements, quantum optical computations can be performed with integrated optical circuits and…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) can enable photon-number resolution (PNR) based on accurate measurements of the detector's response time to few-photon optical pulses. In this work we investigate the impact of the…