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Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technique enabling provable secure communication but faces challenges in device characterization, posing potential security risks. Device-Independent (DI) QKD protocols overcome this issue by making…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Michele Masini , Shubhayan Sarkar

Unambiguous state discrimination (USD) is one of the major obstacles for practical quantum key distribution (QKD). Often overlooked, it allows efficient eavesdropping in majority of practical systems, provided the overall channel loss is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-10 K. S. Kravtsov , I. V. Radchenko , S. P. Kulik , S. N. Molotkov

The security of a standard bi-directional "plug & play" quantum key distribution (QKD) system has been an open question for a long time. This is mainly because its source is equivalently controlled by an eavesdropper, which means the source…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yi Zhao , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Key distribution plays a fundamental role in cryptography. Currently, the quantum scheme stands as the only known method for achieving unconditionally secure key distribution. This method has been demonstrated over distances of 508 and 1002…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Hua-Lei Yin

Most security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) assume that there is no unwanted information leakage about the state preparation process. However, this assumption is impossible to guarantee in practice, as QKD systems can leak…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two parties to establish a shared secret key that is secure against all-powerful adversaries. One such protocol named B92 is quite appealing due to its simplicity but is highly sensitive to channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Hasan Iqbal , Walter O. Krawec

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) offers the strongest form of security against eavesdroppers bounded by the laws of quantum mechanics. However, a practical implementation is still pending due to the requirement of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 Junior R. Gonzales-Ureta , Ana Predojević , Adán Cabello

In counterfactual quantum key distribution (QKD), two remote parties can securely share random polarization-encoded bits through the blocking rather than the transmission of particles. We propose a semi-counterfactual QKD, i.e., one where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-28 Akshata Shenoy H. , R. Srikanth , T. Srinivas

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) with classical Bob has recently been suggested and proven robust. Following this work, QKD with classical Alice was also suggested and proven robust. The above protocols are ideal in the sense that they make…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-15 Michel Boyer , Tal Mor

Quantum key distribution (QKD) seeks to provide a method of generating cryptographically-secure keys between remote parties while guaranteeing unconditional security. Implementations of high-dimensional QKD using dispersive-optics (DO-QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Ariel Shlosberg , Alex Kwiatkowski , Akira Kyle , Graeme Smith

The security of the previous quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, which is guaranteed by the nature of physics law, is based on the legitimate users. However, impersonation of the legitimate communicators by eavesdroppers, in practice,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng , Xinmei Wang

Decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) is a standard technique in current quantum cryptographic implementations. Unfortunately, existing experiments have two important drawbacks: the state preparation is assumed to be perfect without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Feihu Xu , Kejin Wei , Shihan Sajeed , Sarah Kaiser , Shihai Sun , Zhiyuan Tang , Li Qian , Vadim Makarov , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Cryptanalysis is an important branch in the study of cryptography, including both the classical cryptography and the quantum one. In this paper we analyze the security of two three-party quantum key distribution protocols (QKDPs) proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-21 Fei Gao , Su-Juan Qin , Fen-Zhuo Guo , Qiao-Yan Wen

The original two-way continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution (CV QKD) protocols [S. Pirandola, S. Mancini, S. Lloyd, and S. L. Braunstein, Nature Physics 4, 726 (2008)] give the security against the collective attack on the condition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-16 Maozhu Sun , Xiang Peng , Yujie Shen , Hong Guo

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) and its variants can overcome the fundamental rate-distance limit of QKD which has been demonstrated in the laboratory and field while their physical implementations with side channels remains to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Yi-Fei Lu , Mu-Sheng Jiang , Yang Wang , Xiao-Xu Zhang , Fan Liu , Chun Zhou , Hong-Wei Li , Wan-Su Bao

We present a new technique for proving the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. It is based on direct information-theoretic arguments and thus also applies if no equivalent entanglement purification scheme can be found.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Renner , N. Gisin , B. Kraus

The impossibility proof of unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment is crucially dependent on the assertion that Bob is not allowed to generate probability distributions unknown to Alice. This assertion is actually not meaningful,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Chi-Yee Cheung

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables secure key sharing between distant parties, with several protocols proven resilient against conventional eavesdropping strategies. Here, we introduce a new attack scenario where an eavesdropper, Eve,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Sumit Nandi , Biswaranjan Panda , Pankaj Agrawal , Arun K Pati

Coherent-one-way quantum key distribution (COW-QKD), which requires a simple experimental setup and has the ability to withstand photon-number-splitting attacks, has been not only experimentally implemented but also commercially applied.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Rui-Qi Gao , Yuan-Mei Xie , Jie Gu , Wen-Bo Liu , Chen-Xun Weng , Bing-Hong Li , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Standard security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols often rely on symmetry arguments. In this paper, we prove the security of a three-state protocol that does not possess rotational symmetry. The three-state QKD protocol we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Hoi-Kwong Lo