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Dependency links in single-layer networks offer a convenient way of modeling nonlocal percolation effects in networked systems where certain pairs of nodes are only able to function together. We study the percolation properties of the weak…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-16 Gábor Timár , György Kovács , José Fernando F. Mendes

Components in many real-world complex systems depend on each other for the resources required for survival, and may die of a shortage. These patterns of dependencies often take the form of a complex network whose structure potentially…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-02-04 Madhusudan Ingale , Snehal M. Shekatkar

Real complex systems are not rigidly structured; no clear rules or blueprints exist for their construction. Yet, amidst their apparent randomness, complex structural properties universally emerge. We propose that an important class of…

Three measures of clumpiness of complex networks are introduced. The measures quantify how most central nodes of a network are clumped together. The assortativity coefficient defined in a previous study measures a similar characteristic,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-05-27 Ernesto Estrada , Naomichi Hatano , Amauri Gutierrez

Modern network-like systems are usually coupled in such a way that failures in one network can affect the entire system. In infrastructures, biology, sociology, and economy, systems are interconnected and events taking place in one system…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2010-12-02 S. Havlin , N. A. M. Araujo , S. V. Buldyrev , C. S. Dias , R. Parshani , G. Paul , H. E. Stanley

In the real world, the stable operation of a network is usually inseparable from the mutual support of other networks. In such an interdependent network, a node in one layer may depend on multiple nodes in another layer, forming a complex…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Cheng Qian , Dandan Zhao , Bo Zhang , Ming Zhong , Jianmin Han , Shenghong Li , Hao Peng , Wei Wang

The effects of link rewiring are considered for the class of directed networks where each node has the same fixed out-degree. We model a network generated by three mechanisms that are present in various networked systems; growth, global…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-22 Ewan R. Colman , Geoff J. Rodgers

Multilayer networks represent multiple types of connections between the same set of nodes. Clearly, a multilayer description of a system adds value only if the multiplex does not merely consist of independent layers, i.e. if the inter-layer…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-05-23 Nedim Bayrakdar , Valerio Gemmetto , Diego Garlaschelli

Complex networks have non-trivial characteristics and appear in many real-world systems. Such networks are vitally important, but their full underlying dynamics are not completely understood. Utilizing new data sources, however, can unveil…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-08-26 Michael Fire , Carlos Guestrin

Complex networks are made up of vertices and edges. The edges, which may be directed or undirected, are equipped with positive weights. Modeling complex systems that consist of different types of objects leads to multilayer networks, in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel

Complex contagion models have been developed to understand a wide range of social phenomena such as adoption of cultural fads, the diffusion of belief, norms, and innovations in social networks, and the rise of collective action to join a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-04 Yong Zhuang , Osman Yağan

This paper leverages linear systems theory to propose a principled measure of complexity for network systems. We focus on a network of first-order scalar linear systems interconnected through a directed graph. By locally filtering out the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Giacomo Baggio , Marco Fabris

We address the problem of link reciprocity, the non-random presence of two mutual links between pairs of vertices. We propose a new measure of reciprocity that allows the ordering of networks according to their actual degree of correlation…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Diego Garlaschelli , Maria I. Loffredo

Our current world is linked by a complex mesh of networks where information, people and goods flow. These networks are interdependent each other, and present structural and dynamical features different from those observed in isolated…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-11-13 Filippo Radicchi , Alex Arenas

We study cascades on a two-layer multiplex network, with asymmetric feedback that depends on the coupling strength between the layers. Based on an analytical branching process approximation, we calculate the systemic risk measured by the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-24 Rebekka Burkholz , Matt V. Leduc , Antonios Garas , Frank Schweitzer

We study a model for a statistical network formed by interactions between its nodes and links. Each node can be in one of two states (Ising spin up or down) and the node-link interaction facilitates linking between the like nodes. For high…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. E. Allahverdyan , K. G. Petrosyan

Many complex systems may be described not by one, but by a number of complex networks mapped one on the other in a multilayer structure. The interactions and dependencies between these layers cause that what is true for a distinct single…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-10-12 Maciej Kurant , Patrick Thiran

When real networks are considered, coupled networks with connectivity and feedback-dependency links are not rare but more general. Here we develop a mathematical framework and study numerically and analytically percolation of interacting…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-10-08 Gaogao Dong , Lixin Tian , Ruijin Du , Min Fu , H. Eugene Stanley

Motivated by the idea that some characteristics are specific to the relations between individuals and not of the individuals themselves, we study a prototype model for the dynamics of the states of the links in a fixed network of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-12-19 J. Fernández-Gracia , X. Castelló , V. M. Eguíluz , M. San Miguel

We describe the complex global structure of giant components in directed multiplex networks which generalizes the well-known bow-tie structure, generic for ordinary directed networks. By definition, a directed multiplex network contains…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-11-26 N. Azimi-Tafreshi , S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes