Related papers: Enhanced X-Ray Angular Dispersion and X-ray Spectr…
The wavelength calibration of spectrographs is an essential but challenging task in many disciplines. Calibration is traditionally accomplished by imaging the spectrum of a light source containing features that are known to appear at…
X-radiation from energetic electrons is the prime diagnostic of flare-accelerated electrons. The observed X-ray flux (and polarization state) is fundamentally a convolution of the cross-section for the hard X-ray emission process(es) in…
While optical and quantum efficiency are on the rise, and spectrographs becoming massively multiplexed, measuring spectral energy distributions of astronomical sources with accuracy remains a challenge. In addition to atmospheric…
Adaptive optics systems are critical in any application where highly resolved imaging or beam control must be performed through a dynamic medium. Such applications include astronomy and free-space optical communications, where light…
Extensive programs of follow-up observations of hard X-ray selected sources have unambiguosly revealed that the sources of the X-ray background are characterized by an extremely large dispersion in their optical magnitude and spectroscopic…
X-ray emission spectroscopy is emerging as an important complement to x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, providing a characterization of the occupied electronic density of states local to the species of interest. Here, we present…
Transient X-ray absorption techniques can measure ultrafast dynamics of the elemental edges in a material or multiple layer junction, giving them immense potential for deconvoluting concurrent processes. However, the interpretation of the…
In this Chapter we review the challenges of, and opportunities for, 3D spectroscopy, and how these have lead to new and different approaches to sampling astronomical information. We describe and categorize existing instruments on 4m and 10m…
We present the science case for a broadband X-ray imager with high-resolution spectroscopy, including simulations of X-ray spectral diagnostics of both active regions and solar flares. This is part of a trilogy of white papers discussing…
Pulsar dynamic spectra exhibit high visibility fringes arising from interference between scattered radio waves. These fringes may be random or highly ordered patterns, depending on the nature of the scattering or refraction. Here we…
The spectrum of the light scattered from an extended atomic wave packet is calculated. For a wave packet consisting of two spatially separated peaks moving on parallel trajectories, the spectrum contains Ramsey-like fringes that are…
In solar physics, especially in exploratory stages of research, it is often necessary to compare the power spectra of two or more time series. One may, for instance, wish to estimate what the power spectrum of the combined data sets might…
The diffraction patterns of crystalline materials with local order contain sharp Bragg reflections as well as highly structured diffuse scattering. The instrumental requirements, experimental parameters and data processing techniques for…
For solid-state materials, the electronic structure, E(k), is critical in determining a crystal's physical properties. By experimentally detecting the electronic structure, the fundamental physics can be revealed. Angle-resolved…
Organic scintillators are widely used for fast neutron detection and spectroscopy. Several effects complicate the interpretation of results from detectors based upon these materials. First, fast neutrons will often leave a detector before…
Entangled photon spectroscopy is a nascent field that has important implications for measurement and imaging across chemical, biology, and materials fields. Entangled photon spectroscopy potentially offers improved spatial and…
In the present paper we demonstrate the approach to use a holographic grating on a freeform surface for advanced spectrographs design. On the example POLLUX spectropolarimeter medium-UV channel we chow that such a grating can operate as a…
Optical spectrum analysis is the cornerstone of spectroscopic sensing, optical network performance monitoring, and hyperspectral imaging. While conventional high-performance spectrometers used to perform such analysis are often large…
In this paper, we elaborate on correctly predicting \'Echelle spectrograms by employing the fully three-dimensional representation of Snell's law to model the effects of prisms as cross-dispersers in \'Echelle spectrographs. We find that it…
The primary goal of Galactic archaeology is to learn about the origin of the Milky Way from the detailed chemistry and kinematics of millions of stars. Wide-field multi-fibre spectrographs are increasingly used to obtain spectral…