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We investigate the orbital eccentricity evolution of supermassive black hole binaries within galactic environments. We analyze the dynamics in triaxial merger remnants and subsequent interactions with geometrically thick nuclear discs. We…

We follow the sinking of two massive black holes in a spherical stellar system where the black holes become bound under the influence of dynamical friction. Once bound, the binary hardens by three-body encounters with surrounding stars. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Marc Hemsendorf , Steinn Sigurdsson , Rainer Spurzem

This paper studies the formation and evolution of binary supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in rotating galactic nuclei, focusing on the role of stellar dynamics. We present the first N-body simulations that follow the evolution of the SMBHs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Ingo Berentzen , Miguel Preto , Peter Berczik , David Merritt , Rainer Spurzem

We propose a new scenario for the evolution of a binary of primordial black holes (PBHs). We consider a dynamical friction by ambient dark matter, scattering of dark matter particles with a highly eccentric orbit besides the standard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Kimitake Hayasaki , Keitaro Takahashi , Yuuiti Sendouda , Shigehiro Nagataki

We perform the first fully nonlinear numerical simulations of black-hole binaries with mass ratios 100:1. Our technique for evolving such extreme mass ratios is based on the moving puncture approach with a new gauge condition and an optimal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-04 Carlos O. Lousto , Yosef Zlochower

We study binary spinning black holes to display the long term individual spin dynamics. We perform a full numerical simulation starting at an initial proper separation of $d\approx25M$ between equal mass holes and evolve them down to merger…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-16 Carlos O. Lousto , James Healy

Binary black-hole coalescence is treated semi-analytically by a novel approach. Our prescription employs the conservative Skeleton Hamiltonian that describes orbiting Brill-Lindquist wormholes (termed punctures in Numerical Relativity)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Achamveedu Gopakumar , Gerhard Schaefer

Gravitational waves radiated during binary black hole coalescence is a perfect probe for studying the characteristics of strong gravity. Advanced techniques for creating numerical relativity substitute models for eccentric binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-08 Sourav Roy Chowdhury , Maxim Khlopov

We describe early success in the evolution of binary black hole spacetimes with a numerical code based on a generalization of harmonic coordinates. Indications are that with sufficient resolution this scheme is capable of evolving binary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Frans Pretorius

The study of the interaction of a massive black hole binary with its gaseous environment is crucial in order to be able to predict merger rates and possible electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave signals. The evolution of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-04 Alessia Franchini , Alessandro Lupi , Alberto Sesana

We study the spin dynamics of individual black holes in a binary system. In particular we focus on the polar precession of spins and the possibility of a complete flip of spins with respect to the orbital plane. We perform a full numerical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-17 Carlos O. Lousto , James Healy , Hiroyuki Nakano

The supermassive black holes originally in the nuclei of two merging galaxies will form a binary in the remnant core. The early evolution of the massive binary is driven by dynamical friction before the binary becomes "hard" and eventually…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-10 Fani Dosopoulou , Fabio Antonini

We study the classical dynamics of black holes during a nonsingular cosmological bounce. Taking a simple model of a nonsingular bouncing cosmology driven by the combination of a ghost and ordinary scalar field, we use nonlinear evolutions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-03 Maxence Corman , William E. East , Justin L. Ripley

The orbital decay of binary systems is a critical process for understanding the evolution of massive binary black holes (MBBHs) and binary star formation. Performing high-resolution three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-20 Tomoaki Matsumoto , Kenta Hotokezaka , Kohei Inayoshi

We present the result of large-scale N-body simulations of the stellar-dynamical evolution of a massive black-hole binary at the center of a spherical galaxy. We focus on the dependence of the hardening rate on the relaxation timescale of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Junichiro Makino , Yoko Funato

We construct evolutionary tracks for massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) embedded in a surrounding distribution of stars. The dynamics of the binary is evolved by taking into account the erosion of the central stellar cusp bound to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-03 A. Sesana

The vast majority of massive binary systems in the universe is evidently unsuited to produce merging binary black holes. However, several narrow evolutionary paths of isolated massive binaries towards this goal have recently been…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-24 Xiao-Tian Xu , Norbert Langer , Jakub Klencki , Chen Wang , Xiang-Dong Li

We report on key studies on the dynamics of black holes (BHs) in gas-rich galaxy mergers that underscore the vital role played by gas dissipation in promoting BH inspiral down to the smallest scales ever probed with use of high-resolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Colpi , S. Callegari , M. Dotti , L. Mayer

Coalescence of binary supermassive black holes (SBHs) would constitute the strongest sources of gravitational waves to be observed by LISA. While the formation of binary SBHs during galaxy mergers is almost inevitable, coalescence requires…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 David Merritt , Milos Milosavljevic

The interaction of binary black hole mergers with their environments can be studied using numerical relativity simulations. These start only a short finite time before merger, at which point appropriate initial conditions must be imposed. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-03 Jamie Bamber , Josu C. Aurrekoetxea , Katy Clough , Pedro G. Ferreira