Related papers: Massively parallel computing on an organic molecul…

With the advent of multi-core processors and their fast expansion, it is quite clear that {\em parallel computing} is now a genuine requirement in Computer Science and Engineering (and related) curriculum. In addition to the pervasiveness…

The recent rapid increase in demand for data processing has resulted in the need for novel machine learning concepts and hardware. Physical reservoir computing and an extreme learning machine are novel computing paradigms based on physical…

Conventional neural accelerators rely on isolated self-sufficient functional units that perform an atomic operation while communicating the results through an operand delivery-aggregation logic. Each single unit processes all the bits of…

The proliferation of deep learning applications has intensified the demand for electronic hardware with low energy consumption and fast computing speed. Neuromorphic photonics have emerged as a viable alternative to directly process…

Using an extremely large number of processing elements in computing systems leads to unexpected phenomena, such as different efficiencies of the same system for different tasks, that cannot be explained in the frame of classical computing…

Nowadays, we are to find out solutions to huge computing problems very rapidly. It brings the idea of parallel computing in which several machines or processors work cooperatively for computational tasks. In the past decades, there are a…

The ability to learn new tasks and generalize performance to others is one of the most remarkable characteristics of the human brain and of recent AI systems. The ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously is also a signature…

Atomic-scale logic and the minimization of heating (dissipation) are both very high on the agenda for future computation hardware. An approach to achieve these would be to replace networks of transistors directly by classical reversible…

Although the brain has long been considered a potential inspiration for future computing, Moore's Law - the scaling property that has seen revolutions in technologies ranging from supercomputers to smart phones - has largely been driven by…

Quantum computing has the potential to provide exponential performance benefits in processing over classical computing. It utilizes quantum mechanics phenomena (such as superposition, entanglement, and interference) to solve a computational…

From logical reasoning to mental simulation, biological and artificial neural systems possess an incredible capacity for computation. Such neural computers offer a fundamentally novel computing paradigm by representing data continuously and…

As computing resource demands continue to escalate in the face of big data, cloud-connectivity and the internet of things, it has become imperative to develop new low-power, scalable architectures. Neuromorphic photonics, or photonic neural…

Although individual neurons and neural populations exhibit the phenomenon of representational drift, perceptual and behavioral outputs of many neural circuits can remain stable across time scales over which representational drift is…

In Part I of this series, the limits on the sustained performance of large reversible computers were investigated and found to scale as $\sqrt{AV}$ where $A$ is the convex bounding surface area of the system and $V$ its internal volume,…

To maintain homeostasis, living cells process information with networks of interacting molecules. Traditional models for cellular information processing have focused on networks of chemical reactions between molecules. Here, we describe how…

The growth of connected intelligent devices in the Internet of Things has created a pressing need for real-time processing and understanding of large volumes of analogue data. The difficulty in boosting the computing speed renders digital…

Recent advances in computing architectures and networking are bringing parallel computing systems to the masses so increasing the number of potential users of these kinds of systems. In particular, two important technological evolutions are…

With the slowdown of Moore's law, CPU-oriented packet processing in software will be significantly outpaced by emerging line speeds of network interface cards (NICs). Single-core packet-processing throughput has saturated. We consider the…

Quantum computing has the potential to solve many computational problems exponentially faster than classical computers. The high shares of renewables and the wide deployment of converter-interfaced resources require new tools that shall…

Multiple signal classification algorithm (MUSICAL) provides a super-resolution microscopy method. In the previous research, MUSICAL has enabled data-parallelism well on a desktop computer or a Linux-based server. However, the running time…