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The concept of the evolutionary sequence of jetted active galactic nuclei (AGNs) has been challenged in the last few decades since AGN subclasses are considered to be different due to their viewing angle. In this paper, we collected a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-26 Evaristus U. Iyida , Christian I. Eze , Finbarr C. Odo

Blazar spectra are one of the most important windows into the physical processes occurring along jets. The spectrum, composed from the different emitting regions along the jet, allows us to constrain the physical conditions in the jet. I…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 William J. Potter , Garret Cotter

Context: We present the soft X-ray properties obtained in the ROSAT All-Sky survey and from pointed PSPC observations for the AGN in the complete flux-density limited Caltech-Jodrell Bank flat spectrum sample (hereafter CJF). CJF is a VLBI…

Intermittent jet activity of AGNs is a common phenomenon, whereas significant jet reorientation during episodic jet activity in relatively young radio galaxies are rarely reported. The quasar 0954+556 at redshift of 0.903 is an intriguing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-26 Ai-Ling Zeng , Wei Zhao , Jun Yang , Xu-Zhi Hu , Furen Deng , Yu Lei , Xiaoyu Hong , Xiang Liu , Liang Chen , Mai Liao , Xiaolong Yang , Hai-Tian Shang

Blazars are active galactic nuclei (AGN) whose relativistic jets point nearly to the line of sight. Their compact radio structure can be imaged with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) on parsec scales. Blazars at extremely high…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-12 H. -M. Cao , S. Frey , K. É. Gabányi , Z. Paragi , J. Yang , D. Cseh , X. -Y. Hong , T. An

3C84 (NGC1275) is one of the brightest radio sources in the mm radio-bands, which led to a plethora of VLBI observations at numerous frequencies over the years. They reveal a two-sided jet structure, with an expanding but not…

Based on broadband spectral energy distribution (SEDs), we estimate the jet physical parameters of 1392 $\gamma$-ray-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the largest sample so far. The (SED) jet power and magnetization parameter are derived…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-02 Liang Chen

(abridged) Relativistic jets, formed in the vicinity of central supermassive black holes in AGN, show ample evidence connecting them to physical conditions in the accretion disc and broad-line region. The jets are responsible for a large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-15 Andrei Lobanov

We present an investigation of the compact structure of the AGN 2021+317 based on multi-epoch Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations at 15, 22, and 43 GHz in the period from 2013 through 2024. The VLBI images show a core-jet…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-08 Haitian Shang , Wei Zhao , Xiaoyu Hong , Leonid I. Gurvits , Ailing Zeng , Tao An , Xiaopeng Cheng

Several blazars, and BL Lac objects in particular, show a misalignment between the jet orientation on parsec and kiloparsec scales. Some authors (i.e. Conway & Murphy, 1993) have attempted to explain this behaviour invoking helical jets for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Cassaro , C. Stanghellini , D. Dallacasa , M. Bondi , R. A. Zappalà

The BL Lacertae (BL Lac) object OJ 287 is one of the most dynamic blazars across the directly accessible observational windows: spectral, timing, polarization, and imaging. Apart from behaviors considered characteristics of blazars, it…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-01 Pankaj Kushwaha

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) can power relativistic jets, which are called blazars when pointed close to our line of sight. Depending on the presence or absence of emission lines in their optical spectra, blazars are categorized into flat…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-23 Garima Rajguru , L. Marcotulli , M. Ajello , A. Tramacere

Although blazar variability is probably dominated by emission from relativistic jets, accretion disks should be present in all blazars. These disks produce emission over most of the electromagnetic spectrum; various unstable processes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul J. Wiita

Observations made with the VLBA have led to fundamental advances in our understanding of how radio jets in AGN evolve from parsec-scales out to distances exceeding several hundred kiloparsecs. In this review I discuss current models of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-12 Matthew L. Lister

The temporal and spatial spectral evolution of the jets of AGN can be studied with multi-frequency, multi-epoch VLBI observations. The combination of both, morphological and spectral parameters can be used to derive source intrinsic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 C. M. Fromm , E. Ros , M. Perucho , T. Savolainen , P. Mimica , M. Kadler , A. P. Lobanov , J. A. Zensus

We study the uniformity of the distribution of compact flat-spectrum AGN on the sky and the evolution of their relativistic jets with cosmic epoch. A complete sample of compact extragalactic radio sources at 15 GHz was recently compiled to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Tigran Arshakian , Eduardo Ros , Anton Zensus

Context: Few Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) reveal a double sided jet system. However, these are crucial to understand basic physical properties of extragalactic jets. Aims: We address the questions whether jets in AGN are symmetric in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-27 A. -K. Baczko , R. Schulz , M. Kadler , E. Ros , M. Perucho , C. M. Fromm , J. Wilms

Several multi-frequency polarization studies have shown the presence of systematic Faraday Rotation gradients across the parsec-scale jets of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), taken to be due to the systematic variation of the line-of-sight…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Mahmud , D. C. Gabuzda , V. Bezrukovs

Jetted Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) exhibit variability across a wide range of time scales. Traditionally, this variability can often be modeled well as a stochastic process. However, in certain cases, jetted AGN variability displays…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-03 P. Penil , A. Domínguez , S. Buson , M. Ajello , S. Adhikari , A. Rico

The knowledge of the physical conditions occurring in the relativistic jet of radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is important to understand the mechanisms at the basis of their multiband emission. From parsec-scale radio observations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-29 M. Orienti , G. Giovannini , D. Dallacasa , M. Giroletti , T. Venturi , F. D'Ammando , S. Vercellone , M. Tavani