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In this paper, we first briefly review some recent results on the distribution of the maximal eigenvalue of a $(N\times N)$ random matrix drawn from Gaussian ensembles. Next we focus on the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) and by suitably…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-05-30 Celine Nadal , Satya N. Majumdar

This paper extends the work of El Karoui [Ann. Probab. 35 (2007) 663--714] which finds the Tracy--Widom limit for the largest eigenvalue of a nonsingular $p$-dimensional complex Wishart matrix $W_{\mathbb{C}}(\Omega_p,n)$ to the case of…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Alexei Onatski

We derive efficient recursive formulas giving the exact distribution of the largest eigenvalue for finite dimensional real Wishart matrices and for the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE). In comparing the exact distribution with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-21 Marco Chiani

In this paper, we study the smallest non-zero eigenvalue of the sample covariance matrices $\mathcal{S}(Y)=YY^*$, where $Y=(y_{ij})$ is an $M\times N$ matrix with iid mean $0$ variance $N^{-1}$ entries. We prove a phase transition for its…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Zhigang Bao , Jaehun Lee , Xiaocong Xu

After proper rescaling and under some technical assumptions, the smallest eigenvalue of a sample covariance matrix with aspect ratio bounded away from 1 converges to the Tracy--Widom distribution. This complements the results on the largest…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-01-25 Ohad N. Feldheim , Sasha Sodin

The correlated Wishart model provides a standard tool for the analysis of correlations in a rich variety of systems. Although much is known for complex correlation matrices, the empirically much more important real case still poses…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-02-13 Tim Wirtz , Mario Kieburg , Thomas Guhr

We show that the fluctuations of the largest eigenvalue of any generalized Wigner matrix $H$ converge to the Tracy-Widom laws at a rate nearly $O(N^{-1/3})$, as the matrix dimension $N$ tends to infinity. We allow the variances of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-08-04 Kevin Schnelli , Yuanyuan Xu

We consider spectral properties and the edge universality of sparse random matrices, the class of random matrices that includes the adjacency matrices of the Erdos-Renyi graph model $G(N,p)$. We prove a local law for the eigenvalue density…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-03 Ji Oon Lee , Kevin Schnelli

Let $G=G(n,p_n)$ be a homogeneous Erd\"os-R\'enyi graph, and $A$ its adjacency matrix with eigenvalues $\lambda_1(A) \geq \lambda_2(A) \geq ... \geq \lambda_n(A).$ Local laws have been used to show that $lambda_2(A)$ can exhibit…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Simona Diaconu

It has been recently shown that if $X$ is an $n\times N$ matrix whose entries are i.i.d. standard complex Gaussian and $l_1$ is the largest eigenvalue of $X^*X$, there exist sequences $m_{n,N}$ and $s_{n,N}$ such that…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Noureddine El Karoui

Let $\widetilde{X}_{M\times N}$ be a rectangular data matrix with independent real-valued entries $[\widetilde{x}_{ij}]$ satisfying $\mathbb {E}\widetilde{x}_{ij}=0$ and $\mathbb {E}\widetilde{x}^2_{ij}=\frac{1}{M}$, $N,M\to\infty$. These…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-05 Natesh S. Pillai , Jun Yin

Let $\{X_{k,i};i\geq 1,k\geq 1\}$ be an array of i.i.d. random variables and let $\{p_n;n\geq 1\}$ be a sequence of positive integers such that $n/p_n$ is bounded away from 0 and $\infty$. For $W_n=\max_{1\leq i<j\leq…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Deli Li , Andrew Rosalsky

Under certain conditions, the largest eigenvalue of a sample covariance matrix undergoes a well-known phase transition when the sample size $n$ and data dimension $p$ diverge proportionally. In the subcritical regime, this eigenvalue has…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Nina Dörnemann , Miles E. Lopes

In this paper, we show that the largest and smallest eigenvalues of a sample correlation matrix stemming from $n$ independent observations of a $p$-dimensional time series with iid components converge almost surely to $(1+\sqrt{\gamma})^2$…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Johannes Heiny , Thomas Mikosch

We establish the relation between two objects: an integrable system related to Painleve II equation, and the symplectic invariants of a certain plane curve \Sigma_{TW} describing the average eigenvalue density of a random hermitian matrix…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2010-11-23 Gaetan Borot , Bertrand Eynard

We compute the Tracy-Widom distribution describing the asymptotic distribution of the largest eigenvalue of a large random matrix by solving a boundary-value problem posed by Bloemendal in his Ph.D. Thesis (2011). The distribution is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-17 Thomas Trogdon , Yiting Zhang

We consider the statistics of the extreme eigenvalues of sparse random matrices, a class of random matrices that includes the normalized adjacency matrices of the Erd{\H o}s-R{\'e}nyi graph $G(N,p)$. Recently, it was shown by Lee, up to an…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Jiaoyang Huang , Horng-Tzer Yau

In this paper, we prove a necessary and sufficient condition for Tracy-Widom law of Wigner matrices. Consider $N \times N$ symmetric Wigner matrices $H$ with $H_{ij} = N^{-1/2} x_{ij}$, whose upper right entries $x_{ij}$ $(1\le i< j\le N)$…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-01-14 Ji Oon Lee , Jun Yin

We study the asymptotic distributions of the spiked eigenvalues and the largest nonspiked eigenvalue of the sample covariance matrix under a general covariance matrix model with divergent spiked eigenvalues, while the other eigenvalues are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Tony Cai , Xiao Han , Guangming Pan

We compute the limiting distributions of the largest eigenvalue of a complex Gaussian sample covariance matrix when both the number of samples and the number of variables in each sample become large. When all but finitely many, say $r$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jinho Baik , Gerard Ben Arous , Sandrine Peche