Related papers: The sum of digits of polynomial values in arithmet…

Schur studied limits of the arithmetic means $s_n$ of zeros for polynomials of degree $n$ with integer coefficients and simple zeros in the closed unit disk. If the leading coefficients are bounded, Schur proved that $\limsup_{n\to\infty}…

In the present article, we introduce a $(p,q)$-analogue of the poly-Euler polynomials and numbers by using the $(p,q)$-polylogarithm function. These new sequences are generalizations of the poly-Euler numbers and polynomials. We give…

Green and Sisask showed that the maximal number of $3$-term arithmetic progressions in $n$-element sets of integers is $\lceil n^2/2\rceil$; it is easy to see that the same holds if the set of integers is replaced by the real line or by any…

For each natural number $m\ge 3$, let $P_m(x)$ denote the generalized $m$-gonal number $\frac{(m-2)x^2-(m-4)x}{2}$ with $x\in\mathbb{Z}$. In this paper, with the help of the congruence theta function, we establish conditions on $a$, $b$,…

We study the differential equation $ - (p(x) y')' + q(x) y' = \lambda y,$ where $p(x)$ is a polynomial of degree at most 2 and $q(x)$ is a polynomial of degree at most 1. This includes the classical Jacobi polynomials, Hermite polynomials,…

In this paper, we study $k$-term arithmetic progressions $N, N+d, ..., N+(k-1)d$ of powerful numbers. Under the $abc$-conjecture, we obtain $d \gg_\epsilon N^{1/2 - \epsilon}$. On the other hand, there exist infinitely many $3$-term…

In the present paper we initiate the study of a certain kind of partition inequality, by showing, for example, that if $M\geq 5$ is an integer and the integers $a$ and $b$ are relatively prime to $M$ and satisfy $1\leq a<b<M/2$, and the…

Let $w$ be any word over the alphabet $\{0,1,\ldots, q-1\}$, and denote by $h$ either a polynomial of degree $d\geq 1$ or $h: n\mapsto m^n$ for a fixed $m$. Furthermore, denote by $e_q(w;h(n))$ the number of occurrences of $w$ as a subword…

We show that any Algebraic Branching Program (ABP) computing the polynomial $\sum_{i = 1}^n x_i^n$ has at least $\Omega(n^2)$ vertices. This improves upon the lower bound of $\Omega(n\log n)$, which follows from the classical result of Baur…

Let S be a finite subset of a field. For multivariate polynomials the generalized Schwartz-Zippel bound [2], [4] estimates the number of zeros over Sx...xS counted with multiplicity. It does this in terms of the total degree, the number of…

Nguyen has shown that on averaging over $a=1,...,q$ the 3-fold divisor function has exponent of distribution 2/3, following \cite {banks}. We follow [2] which leads to stronger bounds.

We prove effective finiteness results concerning polynomial values of the sums $$ b^k +\left(a+b\right)^k + \cdots + \left(a\left(x-1\right) + b\right)^k $$ and $$ b^k - \left(a+b\right)^k + \left(2a+b\right)^k - \ldots + (-1)^{x-1}…

This note provides an effective lower bound for the number of primes in the quadratic progression $p=n^2+1 \leq x$ as $x \to \infty$.

Let $P \subset \mathbb R^2$ be a point set with cardinality $N$. We give an improved bound for the number of dot products determined by $P$, proving that, \[ |\{ p \cdot q :p,q \in P \}| \gg N^{2/3+c}. \] A crucial ingredient in the proof…

In a recent breakthrough Kelley and Meka proved a quasipolynomial upper bound for the density of sets of integers without non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. We present a simple modification to their method that strengthens…

For two odd primes $p$ and $q$ such that $p<q$, let $A(p,q):=(a_k)_{k=1}^{\infty}$ be the arithmetic progression whose $k$th term is given by $a_k=(k-1)(q-p)+p$ (i.e., with $a_1=p$ and $a_2=q$). Here we conjecture that for every positive…

Given positive integers $n$ and $k$, a $k$-term semi-progression of scope $m$ is a sequence $(x_1,x_2,...,x_k)$ such that $x_{j+1} - x_j \in \{d,2d,\ldots,md\}, 1 \le j \le k-1$, for some positive integer $d$. Thus an arithmetic progression…

Given a finite set $A\subseteq \mathbb{N}$, define the sum set $$A+A = \{a_i+a_j\mid a_i,a_j\in A\}$$ and the difference set $$A-A = \{a_i-a_j\mid a_i,a_j\in A\}.$$ The set $A$ is said to be sum-dominant if $|A+A|>|A-A|$. We prove the…

The degree of a polynomial representing (or approximating) a function f is a lower bound for the number of quantum queries needed to compute f. This observation has been a source of many lower bounds on quantum algorithms. It has been an…

We estimate Weyl sums over the integers with sum of binary digits either fixed or restricted by some congruence condition. In our proofs we use ideas that go back to a paper by Banks, Conflitti and the first author (2002). Moreover, we…