Related papers: Power-Law tailed statistical distributions and Lor…
We present an overview of possible reasons for the appearance of heavy-tailed distributions in applications to the natural sciences. These distributions include the laws of Pareto, Lotka, and some new ones. The reasons are illustrated using…
The intriguing and still open question concerning the composition law of $\kappa$-entropy $S_{\kappa}(f)=\frac{1}{2\kappa}\sum_i (f_i^{1-\kappa}-f_i^{1+\kappa})$ with $0<\kappa<1$ and $\sum_i f_i =1$ is here reconsidered and solved. It is…
We give a sufficient condition for the exponential decay of the tail probability of a non-negative random variable. We consider the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the probability distribution function of the random variable. We present a…
The double Pareto distribution is a heavy-tailed distribution with a power-law tail, that is generated via geometric Brownian motion with an exponentially distributed observation time. In this study, we examine a modified model wherein the…
When the probability of measuring a particular value of some quantity varies inversely as a power of that value, the quantity is said to follow a power law, also known variously as Zipf's law or the Pareto distribution. Power laws appear…
Truncated Levy flights are stochastic processes which display a crossover from a heavy-tailed Levy behavior to a faster decaying probability distribution function (pdf). Putting less weight on long flights overcomes the divergence of the…
The Large Deviation Principle (LDP) and the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) are central pillars of probability theory. While their formulations are established under the i.i.d. assumption, the probabilistic foundation for power-law…
We construct "stochastic mappings" between power law probability distributions (PD's) and Gaussian ones. To a given vector $N$, Gaussian distributed (respectively $Z$, exponentially distributed), one can associate a vector $X$, "power law…
This paper addresses the statistical properties of time series driven by rational bubbles a la Blanchard and Watson (1982), corresponding to multiplicative maps, whose study has recently be revived recently in physics as a mechanism of…
Kappa-distributed velocities in plasmas are common in a wide variety of settings, from low-density to high-density plasmas. To date, they have been found mainly in space plasmas, but are recently being considered also in the modelling of…
A class of conserved models of wealth distributions are studied where wealth (or money) is assumed to be exchanged between a pair of agents in a population like the elastically colliding molecules of a gas exchanging energy. All sorts of…
In a family of random variables, Taylor's law or Taylor's power law offluctuation scaling is a variance function that gives the variance $\sigma^{2}>0$ of a random variable (rv) $X$ with expectation $\mu >0$ as a powerof $\mu$: $\sigma…
We characterize the complex, heavy-tailed probability distribution functions (pdf) describing the response and its local extrema for structural systems subjected to random forcing that includes extreme events. Our approach is based on the…
We study rare events in the extreme value statistics of stochastic symmetric jump processes with power tails in the distributions of the jumps, using the big-jump principle. The principle states that in the presence of stochastic processes…
Standard statistical analysis is unable to provide reliable confidence intervals on expectation values of probability distributions that do not satisfy the conditions of the central limit theorem. We present a regression-based estimator of…
The total number of fatalities of an epidemic outbreak is a dramatic but extremely informative quantity. Knowledge of the statistics of this quantity allows the calculation of the mean total number of fatalities conditioned to the fact that…
In this paper, we study the probability distribution of the observable $s = (1/N)\sum_{i=N-N'+1}^N x_i$, with $1 \leq N' \leq N$ and $x_1<x_2<\cdots< x_N$ representing the ordered positions of $N$ particles in a $1d$ one-component plasma,…
Starting from a factorization theorem in Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, the thrust distribution in e+e- collisions is calculated including resummation of the next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithms. This is a significant improvement…
The standard (non-relativistic) $\kappa$-distribution is widely used to fit data and to describe macroscopic thermodynamical behavior, e.g.\ the pressure (temperature) as the second moment of the distribution function. By contrast to a…
Exponential, and not Gaussian, decay of probability density functions was studied by Laplace in the context of his analysis of errors. Such Laplace propagators for the diffusive motion of single particles in disordered media were recently…