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Real-world multimodal systems routinely face missing-input scenarios, and in reality, robots lose audio in a factory or a clinical record omits lab tests at inference time. Standard fusion layers either preserve robustness or calibration…
The principal limitation in many areas of astronomy, especially for directly imaging exoplanets, arises from instability in the point spread function (PSF) delivered by the telescope and instrument. To understand the transfer function, it…
We describe the APERture Tile In Focus (Apertif) system, a phased array feed (PAF) upgrade of the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope which has transformed this telescope into a high-sensitivity, wide field-of-view L-band imaging and…
Event cameras provide robust visual signals under fast motion and challenging illumination conditions thanks to their microsecond latency and high dynamic range. However, their unique sensing characteristics and limited labeled data make it…
The nature of heterophilous graphs is significantly different from that of homophilous graphs, which causes difficulties in early graph neural network models and suggests aggregations beyond the 1-hop neighborhood. In this paper, we develop…
Precision calibration poses challenges to experiments probing the redshifted 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization (z~30-6). In both interferometric and global signal experiments, systematic…
Significant radar range degradation can be incurred due to variations in antenna impedance from changing array scan angle. Element-wise reconfigurable impedance tuners can be used to optimally match the power amplifier device; however, the…
We present a framework for calibration of parameters in elastoplastic constitutive models that is based on the use of automatic differentiation (AD). The model calibration problem is posed as a partial differential equation-constrained…
In order for telescopes to obtain good and precise images they need to see through atmospheric turbulence. To accomplish this and compensate for atmospheric turbulence we use Adaptive Optics technologies. In this thesis we analyze the…
An emerging device architecture for infrared imaging is the curved focal-plane array which benefits from several optical advantages over the traditional flat design. However, the curving process introduces additional strain in the active…
Over the last few decades, phase-field equations have found increasing applicability in a wide range of mathematical-scientific fields (e.g. geometric PDEs and mean curvature flow, materials science for the study of phase transitions) but…
We simulate multi-shot intensity-and-phase measurements of unstable ultrashort-pulse trains using frequency-resolved-optical-gating (FROG) and spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER). Both techniques…
In the long wavelength domain, typically for wavelengths lambda > 100 angstroms, the laser fields are usually taken as independent of the spatial coordinate. However, at the gas-solid interface the electron density of the material and the…
Existing neural radiance fields (NeRF)-based novel view synthesis methods for large-scale outdoor scenes are mainly built on a single altitude. Moreover, they often require a priori camera shooting height and scene scope, leading to…
Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) is a technique that allows us to adapt powerful Foundation Models (FMs) to diverse downstream tasks while preserving and unleashing their inherent capabilities. However, we have observed that existing…
Radio interferometers must grapple with apparent fields of view that distort the true radio sky. These so-called 'A-term' distortions may be direction-, time- and baseline-dependent, and include effects like the primary beam and the…
In this paper, new unfitted mixed finite elements are presented for elliptic interface problems with jump coefficients. Our model is based on a fictitious domain formulation with distributed Lagrange multiplier. The relevance of our…
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) enables the exploration of black hole accretion flows at event-horizon scales. Fitting ray-traced physical models to EHT observations requires the generation of synthetic images, a task that is…
Here the role and influence of aberrations in optical imaging systems employing partially coherent complex scalar fields is studied. Imaging systems require aberrations to yield contrast in the output image. For linear shift-invariant…
Estimating neural radiance fields (NeRFs) from "ideal" images has been extensively studied in the computer vision community. Most approaches assume optimal illumination and slow camera motion. These assumptions are often violated in robotic…