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We present a reading of the traditional syllogistics in a fragment of the propositional intuitionistic multiplicative linear logic and prove that with respect to a diagrammatic logical calculus that we introduced in a previous paper, a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-03-01 Ruggero Pagnan

It is shown that quantum logic is a logic in the very same way in which classical logic is a logic. Soundness and completeness of both quantum and classical logics have been proved for novel lattice models that are not orthomodular and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-16 Mladen Pavicic , Norman D. Megill

In many instances in first order logic or computable algebra, classical theorems show that many problems are undecidable for general structures, but become decidable if some rigidity is imposed on the structure. For example, the set of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Emmanuel Jeandel

This paper explores the space of (propositional) probabilistic logical languages, ranging from a purely `qualitative' comparative language to a highly `quantitative' language involving arbitrary polynomials over probability terms. While…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-08-17 Duligur Ibeling , Thomas Icard , Krzysztof Mierzewski , Milan Mossé

We show that if we enrich first order logic by allowing quantification over isomorphisms between definable ordered fields the resulting logic, L(Q_{Of}), is fully compact. In this logic, we can give standard compactness proofs of various…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Alan H. Mekler , Saharon Shelah

We investigate the problem of finite entailment of ontology-mediated queries. We consider the expressive query language, unions of conjunctive regular path queries (UCRPQs), extending the well-known class of union of conjunctive queries,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Vıctor Gutiérrez-Basulto , Albert Gutowski , Yazmın Ibáñez-Garcıa , Filip Murlak

Ultrafinitism postulates that we can only compute on relatively short objects, and numbers beyond certain value are not available. This approach would also forbid many forms of infinitary reasoning and allow to remove certain paradoxes…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Michał J. Gajda

A central area of current philosophical debate in the foundations of mathematics concerns whether or not there is a single, maximal, universe of set theory. Universists maintain that there is such a universe, while Multiversists argue that…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Carolin Antos , Neil Barton , Sy-David Friedman

In recent research on non-monotonic logic programming, repeatedly strong equivalence of logic programs P and Q has been considered, which holds if the programs P union R and Q union R have the same answer sets for any other program R. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thomas Eiter , Michael Fink , Stefan Woltran

We introduce a novel logical notion--partial entailment--to propositional logic. In contrast with classical entailment, that a formula P partially entails another formula Q with respect to a background formula set \Gamma intuitively means…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-01-17 Yi Zhou , Yan Zhang

We show that for any relatively prime integers $1\leq p<q$ and for any finite $A \subset \mathbb{Z}$ one has $$|p \cdot A + q \cdot A | \geq (p + q) |A| - (pq)^{(p+q-3)(p+q) + 1}.$$

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-20 Antal Balog , George Shakan

Doubts are raised concerning the usual interpretation of the alleged failure, by quantum mechanics, of the distributive law of classical logic. The difficulty raised by incompatible sets of observables is overcome within an epistemic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-27 Alfredo B. Henriques , Amílcar Sernadas

Classical logic (the logic of non-constructive mathematics) is stronger than intuitionistic logic (the logic of constructive mathematics). Despite this, there are copies of classical logic in intuitionistic logic. All copies usually found…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-11-09 Jaime Gaspar

Adjoint logic is a general approach to combining multiple logics with different structural properties, including linear, affine, strict, and (ordinary) intuitionistic logics, where each proposition has an intrinsic mode of truth. It has…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Junyoung Jang , Sophia Roshal , Frank Pfenning , Brigitte Pientka

Uniform proofs are sequent calculus proofs with the following characteristic: the last step in the derivation of a complex formula at any stage in the proof is always the introduction of the top-level logical symbol of that formula. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-11-17 Gopalan Nadathur

We examine the class of languages that can be defined entirely in terms of provability in an extension of the sorted type theory (Ty_n) by embedding the logic of phonologies, without introduction of special types for syntactic entities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2011-02-28 Victor Gluzberg

Propositional temporal logic over the real number time flow is finitely axiomatisable, but its first-order counterpart is not recursively axiomatisable. We study the logic that combines the propositional axiomatisation with the usual axioms…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Robert Goldblatt

Epistemic modals have peculiar logical features that are challenging to account for in a broadly classical framework. For instance, while a sentence of the form $p\wedge\Diamond\neg p$ ('$p$, but it might be that not $p$') appears to be a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Wesley H. Holliday , Matthew Mandelkern

We present a system of relational syllogistic, based on classical propositional logic, having primitives of the following form: Some A are R-related to some B; Some A are R-related to all B; All A are R-related to some B; All A are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Nikolay Ivanov , Dimiter Vakarelov

Some notes about quantum physics, an interpretation if one wishes, are put forward, insisting on `closely following the mathematics/formalism, the `nuts and bolts of what quantum physics says'. These, basically well-known, issues seem to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Eliahu Levy