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We study the collective behavior of interacting agents in a simple model of market economics originally introduced by N{\o}rrelykke and Bak. A general theoretical framework for interacting traders on an arbitrary network is presented, with…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-05-24 Avinash Chand Yadav , Kaustubh Manchanda , Ramakrishna Ramaswamy

We present an agent-based model of economic exchange in a society composed of two groups, representing two social groups and with different internal protection rules for the poor agents. The goal is to address the emerging wealth…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-01 Thiago Dias , Sebastián Gonçalves

We introduce an auto-regressive model which captures the growing nature of realistic markets. In our model agents do not trade with other agents, they interact indirectly only through a market. Change of their wealth depends, linearly on…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2009-07-28 Urna Basu , P. K. Mohanty

Firm growth process in the developing economies is known to produce divergence in their growth path giving rise to bimodality in the size distribution. Similar bimodality has been observed in wealth distribution as well. Here, we introduce…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-15 Anindya S. Chakrabarti

This paper consider a highly general dissemination model that keeps track of the stochastic evolution of the distribution of wealth over a set of agents. There are two types of events: (i) units of wealth externally arrive, and (ii) units…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-07-12 K. M. D. Chan , M. R. H. Mandjes

We construct a model of an exchange economy in which agents trade assets contingent on an observable signal, the probability of which depends on public opinion. The agents in our model are replaced occasionally and each person updates…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-04-28 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Roger Farmer

We study the distributions of money in a simple closed economic system for different types of monetary transactions. We know that for arbitrary and random sharing but locally conserving money transactions, the money distribution goes to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Anirban Chakraborti

In our simplified description `wealth' is money ($m$). A kinetic theory of gas like model of money is investigated where two agents interact (trade) selectively and exchange some amount of money between them so that sum of their money is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Abhijit Kar Gupta

Binary kinetic exchange models, where money is shuffled between two agents at a time, reproduce the Boltzmann Gibbs exponential wealth distribution but cannot address the multi party trades common in real markets. We generalize the exchange…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-28 Suchismita Banerjee

In this communication, some economic models given by functional mappings are addressed. These are models for random markets where agents trade by pairs and exchange their money in a random and conservative way. They display the exponential…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-07-25 Ricardo Lopez-Ruiz , Elyas Shivanian , Jose-Luis Lopez

The "Money Exchange Model" is a type of agent-based simulation model used to study how wealth distribution and inequality evolve through monetary exchanges between individuals. The primary focus of this model is to identify the limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Hironobu Sakagawa

A simple computer simulation model of a closed market on a fixed network with free flow of goods and money is introduced. The model contains only two variables : the amount of goods and money beside the size of the system. An initially flat…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-09-25 Marcel Ausloos , Andrzej Pekalski

A dynamical model of capital exchange is introduced in which a specified amount of capital is exchanged between two individuals when they meet. The resulting time dependent wealth distributions are determined for a variety of exchange…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. Ispolatov , P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner

The agent-based Yard-Sale model of wealth inequality is generalized to incorporate exponential economic growth and its distribution. The distribution of economic growth is nonuniform and is determined by the wealth of each agent and a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-26 Kang K. L. Liu , N. Lubbers , W. Klein , J. Tobochnik , B. M. Boghosian , Harvey Gould

We study the poor-biased model for money exchange introduced in [2]: agents are being randomly picked at a rate proportional to their current wealth, and then the selected agent gives a dollar to another agent picked uniformly at random.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Roberto Cortez , Fei Cao

We study a system of $N$ agents, whose wealth grows linearly, under the effect of stochastic resetting and interacting via a tax-like dynamics -- all agents donate a part of their wealth, which is, in turn, redistributed equally among all…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-11 Ion Santra

Simple agent based exchange models are a commonplace in the study of wealth distribution in an artificial economy. Generally, in a system that is composed of many agents characterized by their wealth and risk-aversion factor, two agents are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-24 Ben-Hur Francisco Cardoso , Sebastián Gonçalves , José Roberto Iglesias

In view of some persistent recent reports on a singular kind of growth of the world wealth inequality, where a finite (often handful) number of people tend to possess more than the wealth of the planet's 50\% population, we explore here if…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-09 Asim Ghosh , Suchismita Banerjee , Sanchari Goswami , Manipushpak Mitra , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

Many models of market dynamics make use of the idea of wealth exchanges among economic agents. A simple analogy compares the wealth in a society with the energy in a physical system, and the trade between agents to the energy exchange…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-07-14 J. R. Iglesias

An equation for the evolution of the distribution of wealth in a population of economic agents making binary transactions with a constant total amount of "money" has recently been proposed by one of us (RLR). This equation takes the form of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2014-07-29 Yves Pomeau , Ricardo Lopez-Ruiz