Related papers: Cosmological models and misunderstandings about th…
We review observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. Redshift and peculiar velocity surveys, radio sources, the X-Ray Background, the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest and the Cosmic Microwave Background are used to set…
A non-minimally coupled scalar field can have, in principle, a negative effective Planck mass squared which depends on the scalar field. Surprisingly, an isotropic and homogeneous cosmological universe with a non-minimally coupled scalar…
We consider anisotropic cosmologies in a particular shift-symmetric Horndeski theory containing the $G^{\mu\nu}\partial_\mu\phi \partial_\nu\phi$ coupling, where $G^{\mu\nu}$ is the Einstein tensor. This theory admits stable in the future…
An introduction to solutions of the Einstein equations defining cosmological models with accelerated expansion is given. Connections between mathematical and physical issues are explored. Theorems which have been proved for solutions with…
We consider the effect on the propagation of light of inhomogeneities with sizes of order 10 Mpc or larger. The Universe is approximated through a variation of the Swiss-cheese model. The spherical inhomogeneities are void-like, with…
We use a wide range of observations to constrain cosmological models possessing a significant asymmetry in the lepton sector, which offer perhaps the best chance of reconciling a critical-density Universe with current observations. The…
The very recent Boomerang results give an estimate of unprecedented precision of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies on sub--degree scales. A puzzling feature for theoretical cosmology is the low amplitude of the second acoustic…
We combine detections of anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation with observations of inhomogeneity in the large-scale distribution of galaxies to test the predictions of models of cosmological structure formation. This…
The properties of universes are explored that are entirely in the interior of black holes in another universe, a `mother universe'. It is argued that these models offer a paradigm that may shed a new light on old cosmological problems. The…
Observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales are reviewed. Assuming the Cosmological Principle we then estimate cosmological parameters by joint analysis of the Cosmic Microwave Background, Supernovae Ia, peculiar…
We provide exact solutions to the Einstein equations when the Universe contains vacuum energy plus a uniform arrangements of magnetic fields, strings, or domain walls. Such a universe has planar symmetry, i. e., it is homogeneous but, not…
The current cosmological dark sector (dark matter plus dark energy) is challenging our comprehension about the physical processes taking place in the Universe. Recently, some authors tried to falsify the basic underlying assumptions of such…
While many observations support the validity of Einstein's general relativity as the theory of gravity, there are yet many that suggest the presence of new physics. In order to explain the high-redshift supernovae Ia observations together…
We argue that standard tools of holography can be used to describe fully non-perturbative microscopic models of cosmology in which a period of accelerated expansion may result from the positive potential energy of time-dependent scalar…
The standard formulation of the cosmological constant problem is based on one critical assumption---the spacetime is homogeneous and isotropic, which is true only on cosmological scales. However, this problem is caused by extremely small…
Anisotropic cosmological spacetimes are constructed from spherically symmetric solutions to Einstein's equations coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics and a positive cosmological constant. This is accomplished by finding solutions in which…
Quantum effects are expected to modify the cosmological dynamics of the early universe while maintaining some (potentially discrete) notion of space-time structure. In one approach, loop quantum cosmology, current models are shown here to…
We construct exact static inhomogeneous solutions to Einstein's equations with counter flow of particle fluid and a positive cosmological constant by using the Sasaki metrics on three-dimensional spaces. The solutions, which admit an…
We consider the problem of building inhomogeneous cosmological models in scalar-tensor theories of gravity. This starts by splitting the field equations of these theories into constraint and evolution equations, and then proceeds by…
We review recent results on the cosmological models based on the holographic principle which were proposed to explain the most of the problems occurring in the Standard Cosmological Model. It is shown that these models naturally solve the…