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In this paper, the energy budgets of two single-loop like flares observed in X- ray are analysed under the assumption that non-thermal electrons (NTEs) are the only source of plasma heating during all phases of both events. The flares were…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-19 R. Falewicz

Even small solar flares can display a surprising level of complexity regarding their morphology and temporal evolution. Many of their properties, such as energy release and electron acceleration can be studied using highly complementary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Marina Battaglia , Rohit Sharma , Yingjie Luo , Bin Chen , Sijie Yu , Säm Krucker

Magnetic-field reconnection is believed to play a fundamental role in magnetized plasma systems throughout the Universe1, including planetary magnetospheres, magnetars and accretion disks around black holes. This letter present extreme…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-06 Yang Su , Astrid M. Veronig , Gordon D. Holman , Brian R. Dennis , Tongjiang Wang , Manuela Temmer , Weiqun Gan

One of the main science questions of the Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe missions deals with understanding how electrons in the lower solar corona are accelerated and how they subsequently access interplanetary space. We aim to…

The first self-consistent simulations of electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection in a macroscale system are presented. Consistent with solar flare observations the spectra of energetic electrons take the form of power-laws that…

Solar flare hard X-ray spectroscopy serves as a key diagnostic of the accelerated electron spectrum. However, the standard approach using the collisional cold thick-target model poorly constrains the lower-energy part of the accelerated…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-05 Eduard P. Kontar , Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , A. Gordon Emslie

Solar flares are efficient particle accelerators with a large fraction of released magnetic energy (10-50%) converted into energetic particles such as hard X-ray producing electrons. This energy transfer process is not well constrained,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-12 Morgan Stores , Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , James A. McLaughlin

The mechanism that accelerates particles to the energies required to produce the observed high-energy impulsive emission in solar flares is not well understood. Drake et al. (2006) proposed a mechanism for accelerating electrons in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 S. E. Guidoni , C. R. DeVore , J. T. Karpen , B. J. Lynch

We present a new analytical technique, combining Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic observations, to visualize solar flare emission as a function of spectral component…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-15 Amir Caspi , Albert Y. Shih , James M. McTiernan , Säm Krucker

We analyze and model an M8.0 flare on 2005 May 13 observed by TRACE and RHESSI to determine the energy release rate from magnetic reconnection that forms and heats numerous flare loops. The flare exhibits two ribbons in UV 1600 {\AA}…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-25 Wen-Juan Liu , Jiong Qiu , Dana W. Longcope , Amir Caspi

Magnetic reconnection in relativistic collisionless plasmas can accelerate particles and power high-energy emission in various astrophysical systems. Whereas most previous studies focused on relativistic reconnection in pair plasmas, less…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-27 G. R. Werner , D. A. Uzdensky , M. C. Begelman , B. Cerutti , K. Nalewajko

Observations relating the characteristics of electrons seen near Earth (SEPs) and those producing flare radiation show that in certain (prompt) events the origin of both population appears to be the flare site, which show strong correlation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 Vahe' Petrosian

We present the analysis of a compact flare that occurred on 2002/02/26 at 10:26 UT, seen by both RHESSI and TRACE. The size of the nearly circular hard X-ray source is determined to be 4.7(+-1.5)" from the modulation profiles of the RHESSI…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Saint-Hilaire , A. O. Benz

The angular distribution of electrons accelerated in solar flares is a key parameter in the understanding of the acceleration and propagation mechanisms that occur there. However, the anisotropy of energetic electrons is still a poorly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-24 Ewan Cameron Mackenzie Dickson , Eduard Kontar

Solar flares and the often associated solar eruptive events serve as an outstanding laboratory to study the magnetic reconnection and the associated energy release and conversion processes under plasma conditions difficult to reproduce in…

We study the energy release process of a set of 51 flares (32 confined, 19 eruptive) ranging from GOES class B3 to X17. We use H$\alpha$ filtergrams from Kanzelh\"ohe Observatory together with SDO HMI and SOHO MDI magnetograms to derive…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Johannes Tschernitz , Astrid M. Veronig , Julia K. Thalmann , Jürgen Hinterreiter , Werner Pötzi

A primary characteristic of solar flares is the efficient acceleration of electrons to nonthermal deka-keV energies. While hard X-Ray (HXR) observation of bremsstrahlung emission serves as the key diagnostic of these electrons. In this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Debesh Bhattacharjee , Eduard P. Kontar , Yingjie Luo

We use RHESSI high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy observations from ~6 to 100 keV to determine the statistical relationships between measured parameters (temperature, emission measure, etc.) of hot, thermal plasma in 37 intense (GOES…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-25 Amir Caspi , Säm Krucker , R. P. Lin

We present X-ray imaging and spectral analysis of all microflares the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) observed between March 2002 and March 2007, a total of 25,705 events. These microflares are small flares,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-28 I. G. Hannah , S. Christe , S. Krucker , G. J. Hurford , H. S. Hudson , R. P. Lin

In some flares the thermal component appears much earlier than the nonthermal component in X-ray range. Using sensitive microwave observations we revisit this finding made by Battaglia et al. (2009) based on RHESSI data analysis. We have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Alexander A. Altyntsev , Gregory D. Fleishman , Sergey V. Lesovoi , Natalia S. Meshalkina