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Unresolved sources of gravitational waves can create a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) which may have intrinsic or extrinsic anisotropies. The angular power spectrum is a well-suited estimator for characterizing diffuse…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-27 Deepali Agarwal , Jishnu Suresh , Sanjit Mitra , Anirban Ain

The existence of a primordial stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is a common prediction in various models of the early Universe. Despite constraints at different frequency ranges and claims of detection in the nHz range by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-24 Matteo Braglia , Mauro Pieroni , Sylvain Marsat

One of the predictions from simple inflation models is stochastic background of Gravitational Waves (\textbf{GW}), or literally what is called Primordial Gravitational Waves (\textbf{PGW}) with a nearly scale--invariant spectrum. To discuss…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-29 Taimur Mohammadi , Behrooz Malekolkalami

Characterizing the physical properties of the stochastic gravitational waves background (SGWB) is a key step towards identifying the nature of its possible origin. We focus our analysis on SGWB anisotropies. The existence of a non-trivial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-14 Peter Adshead , Niayesh Afshordi , Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni , Matteo Fasiello , Eugene A. Lim , Gianmassimo Tasinato

We propose a novel probe of fundamental physics that involves the exploration of temporal correlations between the multi-frequency electromagnetic (EM) signal and the sub-threshold GW signal or stochastic gravitational wave background…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-15 Suvodip Mukherjee , Joseph Silk

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation offers a unique avenue for exploring the early Universe's dynamics and evolution. In this paper, we delve into the fascinating realm of slow-roll inflation, contextualizing the primordial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-01 D. Sidious , S. Arcari , N. Barbieri , L. Bazzanini , L. Caloni , G. Galloni , R. Impavido , M. Lattanzi , M. Lembo , A. Raffaelli , N. Raffuzzi , S. S. Sirletti

Scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) provide a powerful probe of inflationary dynamics on scales far smaller than those accessible to the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure. In scenarios with a transient…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-07 Angelo Caravano , Gabriele Franciolini , Sébastien Renaux-Petel

Inflationary cosmology proposes that the early Universe undergoes accelerated expansion, driven, in simple scenarios, by a single scalar field, or inflaton. The form of the inflaton potential determines the initial spectra of density…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Richard Easther , Benedict Bahr-Kalus , David Parkinson

We explore the production of gravitational waves (GW) resulting from a first-order phase transition (FOPT) in a non-minimally coupled `Dark Higgs Inflation' model. Utilizing a dark sector scalar field as the inflaton, we demonstrate how…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-21 Jörn Kersten , Seong Chan Park , Yeji Park , Juhoon Son , Liliana Velasco-Sevilla

The production of a stochastic background of relic gravitational waves is well known in various works in the literature, where, by using the so called adiabatically-amplified zero-point fluctuations process, it has been shown how the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 Christian Corda

We study the primordial spectra and the gravitational-wave background (GWB) of three models of semi-classical, quantum or string gravity where the big bang is replaced by a bounce and the primordial tensor spectrum is blue: ekpyrotic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-27 Ido Ben-Dayan , Gianluca Calcagni , Maurizio Gasperini , Anupam Mazumdar , Eliseo Pavone , Udaykrishna Thattarampilly , Amresh Verma

We consider a search for the anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) that decomposes the sky map into its spherical harmonics components in order to obtain estimators of the angular power spectrum. Such a search often…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 Erik Floden , Alex Granados , Vuk Mandic

The observation of primordial gravitational waves could provide a new and unique window on the earliest moments in the history of the universe, and on possible new physics at energies many orders of magnitude beyond those accessible at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-16 Lawrence Krauss , Scott Dodelson , Stephan Meyer

The combined Planck, BICEP/Keck Array and BAO measurements of the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio from the cosmic microwave background observations severely constrain or completely rule out several models of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Diganta Das , Shreyas Revankar

We investigate the isotropic and anisotropic components of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) originated from unresolved merging compact binaries in galaxies. We base our analysis on an empirical approach to galactic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-16 Giulia Capurri , Andrea Lapi , Carlo Baccigalupi , Lumen Boco , Giulio Scelfo , Tommaso Ronconi

Classically oscillating massive fields can be used as "standard clocks" in the primordial universe. They generate features in primordial density perturbations that directly record the scale factor evolution a(t). Detecting and measuring…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-22 Xingang Chen , Christophe Ringeval

Observations of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe suggest the possibility of oscillations in the primordial density perturbation. Such deviations from the usually assumed scale-free…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-16 Paul Hunt , Subir Sarkar

We present a systematic study of likelihood functions used for Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) searches. By dividing the data into many short segments, one customarily takes advantage of the Central Limit Theorem to justify…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-02 Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni , Angelo Ricciardone , Joseph D. Romano

I will review briefly how inflation is expected to generate a stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves (GWs). Then, I will discuss how such GWs can be enhanced by a stiff period following inflation, enough to be observable. I…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-03 Konstantinos Dimopoulos

We study the inflationary gravitational wave background induced by Abelian gauge fields generated by non-minimal kinetic and axial couplings to the inflaton. We show that, up to slow-roll corrections, for coupling functions that share the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Martin Teuscher , Ruth Durrer , Killian Martineau , Aurélien Barrau
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