Related papers: Phase Transitions in the Early Universe
In the paper the thermal energy transfer for elementary particles is described. The quantum heat transport equation is obtained. It is shown that for thermal excitation of the order of the relaxation time the excited matter response is…
We consider a generic first-order phase transition at finite temperature and investigate to what extent a population of primordial black holes, of variable masses, can affect the rate of bubble nucleation. Using a thin-wall approximation,…
Particle physics suggests that the Universe may have undergone several phase transitions, including the well-known inflationary event associated with the separation of the strong and electroweak forces in grand unified theories. The…
Standard theories of electroweak interactions are based on the concept of a gauge symmetry broken by the Higgs mechanism. If they are placed in an environment with a sufficiently high temperature, the symmetry gets restored. It turns out…
The connection between cosmological observations and neutrino physics is discussed in detail. Neutrinos decouple from thermal contact in the early Universe at a temperature of order 1 MeV which coincides with the temperature where light…
NASA's Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) Satellite has recently made the most accurate measurement of the temperature of the Universe determining it to be $2.726\pm 0.01\,$K. In trying to understand why the temperature has this value, one…
It is proposed that space is a four-dimensional Euclidean space with universal time. Originally this space was filled with a uniform substance, pictured as a liquid, which at some time became supercooled. Our universe began as a nucleation…
We consider first heavy particles with masses $M\sim M_{GUT}$ which arise in the Universe during phase transitions at the Grand Unification scale. Using statistical mechanics approach we show that they behave like ideal quantum degenerate…
The exactly solvable quantum model of the homogeneous, isotropic and closed universe in the matter-energy production epoch is considered. It is assumed that the universe is originally filled with a uniform scalar field and a perfect fluid…
A lagrangian for the $k-$ essence field is constructed for a constant scalar potential and its form determined when the scale factor was very small compared to the present epoch but very large compared to the inflationary epoch. This means…
The `Little Bangs' made in particle collider experiments reproduce the conditions in the Big Bang when the age of the Universe was a fraction of a second. It is thought that matter was generated, the structures in the Universe were formed…
Based on the assumptions of the standard model of cosmology, a phase transition associated with chiral symmetry breaking after the electroweak transition has occurred at approximately $10\mu$ seconds after the Big Bang to convert a plasma…
One-dimensional model of a system where first-order phase transition occurs is examined in the present paper. It is shown that basic properties of the phenomenon, such as a well defined temperature of transition, are caused both by…
A unified field theory in ten dimensions, of all interactions, can describe high energy processes occuring in the early universe. In such a theory transitions that give properties of the universe can occur due to the presence of algebraic…
For several crucial microseconds of its early history, the Universe consisted of a Quark-Gluon Plasma. As it cooled during this era, it traced out a trajectory in the quark matter phase diagram. The form taken by this trajectory is not…
We study the scaling properties of the finite temperature QCD phase transition, for light quark masses ranging from the heavy quark regime to their physical values. The lattice results are obtained in the fixed scale approach from…
Small changes in an external parameter can often lead to dramatic qualitative changes in the lowest energy quantum mechanical ground state of a correlated electron system. In anisotropic crystals, such as the high temperature…
A light front field theory for finite temperature and density is currently being developed. It will be used here to describe the transition region from quark matter to nuclear matter relevant in heavy ion collisions and in the early…
In a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), the fundamental building blocks of matter, quarks and gluons, are under extreme conditions of temperature and density. A QGP could exist in the early stages of the Universe, and in various objects and events…
The dynamics of phase transitions plays a crucial r\^ole in the so-called interface between high energy particle physics and cosmology. Many of the interesting results generated during the last fifteen years or so rely on simplified…