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We prove that every computably enumerable (c.e.) random real is provable in Peano Arithmetic (PA) to be c.e. random. A major step in the proof is to show that the theorem stating that "a real is c.e. and random iff it is the halting…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-06-08 Cristian S. Calude , Nicholas J. Hay

We show that there is a strong minimal pair in the computably enumerable Turing degrees.

Logic · Mathematics 2016-10-13 George Barmpalias , Mingzhong Cai , Steffen Lempp , Theodore A. Slaman

We study countable structures from the viewpoint of enumeration reducibility. Since enumeration reducibility is based on only positive information, in this setting it is natural to consider structures given by their positive atomic diagram…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-07-13 Barbara F. Csima , Luke MacLean , Dino Rossegger

SJT reducibility between sets $A,B \subseteq \mathbb N$ is defined by $A \le_{SJT} B$ if for each computable function $h$ that is unbounded and nondecreasing, there is an $h$-bounded uniformly $B$-c.e.\ trace $(T_n)_{n \in \mathbb N} $ such…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Noam Greenberg , Andre Nies , Dan Turetsky

A relatively new topic in computability theory is the study of notions of computation that are robust against mistakes on some kind of small set. However, despite the recent popularity of this topic relatively foundational questions about…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Peter M. Gerdes

We prove that every positive trace on a countably generated *-algebra can be approximated by positive traces on algebras of generic matrices. This implies that every countably generated tracial *-algebra can be embedded into a metric…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2010-05-06 Tim Netzer , Andreas Thom

This paper concerns algorithms that give correct answers with (asymptotic) density $1$. A dense description of a function $g : \omega \to \omega$ is a partial function $f$ on $\omega$ such that $\left\{n : f(n) = g(n)\right\}$ has density…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-11-20 Eric P. Astor , Denis R. Hirschfeldt , Carl G. Jockusch

We prove that any strongly mixing action of a countable abelian group on a probability space has higher order mixing properties. This is achieved via introducing and utilizing $\mathcal R$-limits, a notion of convergence which is based on…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Vitaly Bergelson , Rigoberto Zelada

We initiate the effective metric structure theory of Keisler randomizations. We show that a classical countable structure $\mathcal{M}$ has a decidable presentation if and only if its Borel randomization $\mathcal{M}^{[0,1)}$ has a…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-09 Nicolás Cuervo Ovalle , Isaac Goldbring

Cost functions provide a framework for constructions of sets Turing below the halting problem that are close to computable. We carry out a systematic study of cost functions. We relate their algebraic properties to their expressive…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-03-07 Andre Nies

Suppose we are given a computably enumerable object arise from algorithmic randomness or computable analysis. We are interested in the strength of oracles which can compute an object that approximates this c.e. object. It turns out that,…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Noam Greenberg , Joseph S. Miller , Andre Nies

We initiate the study of computable presentations of real and complex C*-algebras under the program of effective metric structure theory. With the group situation as a model, we develop corresponding notions of recursive presentations and…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-04-17 Alec Fox

In this paper, we study Bernoulli random sequences, i.e., sequences that are Martin-L\"of random with respect to a Bernoulli measure $\mu_p$ for some $p\in[0,1]$, where we allow for the possibility that $p$ is noncomputable. We focus in…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Christopher P. Porter

We study the degree spectra and reverse-mathematical applications of computably enumerable and co-computably enumerable partial orders. We formulate versions of the chain/antichain principle and ascending/descending sequence principle for…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-10-19 Peter A. Cholak , Damir D. Dzhafarov , Noah Schweber , Richard A. Shore

This paper provides a new and more direct proof of the assertion that a Turing computable function of the natural numbers is primitive recursive if and only if the time complexity of the corresponding Turing machine is bounded by a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Daniel G. Schwartz

We define $\Psi$-autoreducible sets given an autoreduction procedure $\Psi$. Then, we show that for any $\Psi$, a measurable class of $\Psi$-autoreducible sets has measure zero. Using this, we show that classes of cototal, uniformly…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Ang Li

We show that $ZF+DC+$"all Turing invariant sets of reals have the perfect set property" implies that all sets of reals have the perfect set property. We also show that this result generalizes to all countable analytic equivalence relations.

Logic · Mathematics 2020-04-06 Clovis Hamel , Haim Horowitz , Saharon Shelah

Richter, Stephan, and Zhang asked whether every nonrecursive many-one degree contains a least finite-one degree. We solve this question in the negative, already within the class of computably enumerable many-one degrees. Positive answers…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Patrizio Cintioli

We investigate which infinite binary sequences (reals) are effectively random with respect to some continuous (i.e., non-atomic) probability measure. We prove that for every n, all but countably many reals are n-random for such a measure,…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Jan Reimann , Theodore A. Slaman

Assuming the obvious definitions (see paper) we show the a decidable model that is effectively prime is also effectively atomic. This implies that two effectively prime (decidable) models are computably isomorphic. This is in contrast to…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Peter Cholak , Charlie McCoy