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We consider the problem of enumerating the permutations containing exactly $k$ occurrences of a pattern of length 3. This enumeration has received a lot of interest recently, and there are a lot of known results. This paper presents an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Markus Fulmek

Packet reordering is an important property of network traffic that should be captured by analytical models of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). We study a combinatorial problem motivated by RESTORED, a TCP modeling methodology that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-11-04 Anders Hansson , Gabriel Istrate

We introduce an algorithm that conjectures the structure of a permutation class in the form of a disjoint cover of "rules"; similar to generalized grid classes. The cover is usually easily verified by a human and translated into an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-12 Christian Bean , Bjarki Gudmundsson , Henning Ulfarsson

Pop-stacks are variants of stacks that were introduced by Avis and Newborn in 1981. Coincidentally, a 1982 result of Unger implies that every permutation of length n can be sorted by n-1 passes through a deterministic pop-stack. We give a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-11 Michael Albert , Vincent Vatter

We use an interesting result of probabilistic flavor concerning the product of two permutations consisting of one cycle each to find an explicit formula for the average number of block interchanges needed to sort a permutation of length…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-11-06 Miklos Bona , Ryan Flynn

We review and extend previous results on coincidence of mesh patterns. We introduce the notion of a force on a permutation pattern and apply it to the coincidence classification of mesh patterns, completing the classification up to size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Christian Bean , Bjarki Gudmundsson , Tomas Ken Magnusson , Henning Ulfarsson

Permutation patterns and pattern avoidance have been intensively studied in combinatorics and computer science, going back at least to the seminal work of Knuth on stack-sorting (1968). Perhaps the most natural algorithmic question in this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Benjamin Aram Berendsohn , László Kozma , Dániel Marx

We give three applications of a recently-proven "Decomposition Lemma," which allows one to count preimages of certain sets of permutations under West's stack-sorting map $s$. We first enumerate the permutation class…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Colin Defant

We study relationships between permutation statistics and pattern-functions, counting the number of times particular patterns occur in a permutation. This allows us to write several familiar statistics as linear combinations of pattern…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Yosef Berman , Bridget Eileen Tenner

Permutations are usually enumerated by size, but new results can be found by enumerating them by inversions instead, in which case one must restrict one's attention to indecomposable permutations. In the style of the seminal paper by Simion…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Atli Fannar Franklín

This dissertation presents a multifaceted look into the structural decomposition of permutation classes. The theory of permutation patterns is a rich and varied field, and is a prime example of how an accessible and intuitive definition…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-13 Cheyne Homberger

In this thesis, we apply the stack sorting operator to $r$-permutations and construct the functional equation for the generating function of two-stack-sortable $k$-tuple $r$-permutations counted by descents by using a factorization similar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dapeng Xu

Recently, Babson and Steingrimsson (see [BS]) introduced generalized permutations patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. We study generating functions for the number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Mansour

Permutation patterns and pattern avoidance have been intensively studied in combinatorics and computer science, going back at least to the seminal work of Knuth on stack-sorting (1968). Perhaps the most natural algorithmic question in this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-17 László Kozma

In the context of the genome rearrangement problem, we analyze two well known models, namely the block transposition and the prefix block transposition models, by exploiting the connection with the notion of permutation pattern. More…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Giulio Cerbai , Luca Ferrari

We study the behavior of West's stack-sorting map $s$ on permutations whose last entry is also their least. Let $S_{n}':=\{\pi0\mid \pi\in S_n\}$ where $\pi0$ denotes the concatenation of $\pi$ and $0$. For each permutation $\pi\in S_n'$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Jerry Zhang

We investigate permutations in terms of their cycle structure and descent set. To do this, we generalize the classical bijection of Gessel and Reutenauer to deal with permutations that have some ascending and some descending blocks. We then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-01 Jacob Steinhardt

We obtain new connections between permutation patterns and singularities of Schubert varieties, by giving a new characterization of Gorenstein varieties in terms of so called bivincular patterns. These are generalizations of classical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-06 Henning Úlfarsson

This article presents a methodology that automatically derives a combinatorial specification for a permutation class C, given its basis B of excluded patterns and the set of simple permutations in C, when these sets are both finite. This is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-01 Frédérique Bassino , Mathilde Bouvel , Adeline Pierrot , Carine Pivoteau , Dominique Rossin

We construct generating trees with one, two, and three labels for some classes of permutations avoiding generalized patterns of length 3 and 4. These trees are built by adding at each level an entry to the right end of the permutation,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-08-01 Sergi Elizalde