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Lambda lifting is a well-known transformation, traditionally employed for compiling functional programs to supercombinators. However, more recent abstract machines for functional languages like OCaml and Haskell tend to do closure…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Sebastian Graf , Simon Peyton Jones

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming central to natural language processing education, yet materials showing their mechanics are sparse. We present AnimatedLLM, an interactive web application that provides step-by-step visualizations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zdeněk Kasner , Ondřej Dušek

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically generate outputs token by token using a fixed compute budget, leading to inefficient resource utilization. To address this shortcoming, recent advancements in mixture of expert (MoE) models,…

This paper presents methods to accelerate recurrent neural network based language models (RNNLMs) for online speech recognition systems. Firstly, a lossy compression of the past hidden layer outputs (history vector) with caching is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-31 Kyungmin Lee , Chiyoun Park , Namhoon Kim , Jaewon Lee

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides towards Artificial General Intelligence. However, training these models from scratch requires substantial computational resources and vast amounts of text data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Wenzhen Zheng , Wenbo Pan , Xu Xu , Libo Qin , Li Yue , Ming Zhou

Linear type systems have a long and storied history, but not a clear path forward to integrate with existing languages such as OCaml or Haskell. In this paper, we study a linear type system designed with two crucial properties in mind:…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Jean-Philippe Bernardy , Mathieu Boespflug , Ryan R. Newton , Simon Peyton Jones , Arnaud Spiwack

Domain-specific languages raise the level of abstraction in software development. While it is evident that programmers can more easily reason about very high-level programs, the same holds for compilers only if the compiler has an accurate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2011-09-06 Tiark Rompf , Arvind K. Sujeeth , HyoukJoong Lee , Kevin J. Brown , Hassan Chafi , Martin Odersky , Kunle Olukotun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a milestone in the field of artificial intelligence and natural language processing. However, their large-scale deployment remains constrained by the need for significant computational resources.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Julián Camilo Velandia Gutiérrez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular, transforming a wide range of applications across various domains. However, the real-world effectiveness of their query cache systems has not been thoroughly investigated. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jiaxing Li , Chi Xu , Feng Wang , Isaac M von Riedemann , Cong Zhang , Jiangchuan Liu

Online Continual Learning (OCL) studies learning over a continuous data stream without observing any single example more than once, a setting that is closer to the experience of humans and systems that must learn "on-the-wild". Yet,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Germán Kruszewski , Ionut-Teodor Sorodoc , Tomas Mikolov

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-5 and Gemini 3 have pushed the frontier of automated reasoning and code generation. Yet current benchmarks emphasize accuracy and output quality, neglecting a critical dimension: efficiency of token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zheng Du , Hao Kang , Song Han , Tushar Krishna , Ligeng Zhu

Recent advancements in the field of large language models have made it possible to use language models for advanced reasoning. In this paper we leverage this ability for designing complex project plans based only on knowing the current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Martin Schroder

Roaming in Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) is a critical yet challenging task for maintaining seamless connectivity in dynamic mobile environments. Conventional threshold-based or heuristic schemes often fail, leading to either sticky or excessive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ju-Hyung Lee , Yanqing Lu , Klaus Doppler

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational challenges when processing long contexts due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention. While soft context compression methods, which map input text to smaller latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Gabriele Berton , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah

We define some of the programming and system-level challenges facing the application of quantum processing to high-performance computing. Alongside barriers to physical integration, prominent differences in the execution of quantum and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Keith A. Britt , Fahd A. Mohiyaddin , Travis S. Humble

We study the potential of using large language models (LLMs) as an interactive optimizer for solving maximization problems in a text space using natural language and numerical feedback. Inspired by the classical optimization literature, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Allen Nie , Ching-An Cheng , Andrey Kolobov , Adith Swaminathan

There has been a widespread emergence of computing devices in the past few years that go beyond the capabilities of traditional desktop computers. However, users want to use the same kinds of applications and access the same data and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mir Farooq Ali , Manuel A. Perez-Quinones , Eric Shell , Marc Abrams

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have demonstrated impressive performance in the text generation task, showing the ability to understand and respond to complex instructions. However, the performance of naive LLMs in speciffc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 HuangChao Xu , Baohua Zhang , Zhong Jin , Tiannian Zhu , Quansheng Wu , Hongming Weng

The applications of LLM Agents are becoming increasingly complex and diverse, leading to a high demand for structured outputs that can be parsed into code, structured function calls, and embodied agent commands. These developments bring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yixin Dong , Charlie F. Ruan , Yaxing Cai , Ruihang Lai , Ziyi Xu , Yilong Zhao , Tianqi Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have become phenomenally surging, since 2018--two decades after introducing context-awareness into computing systems. Through taking into account the situations of ubiquitous devices, users and the societies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Haoyi Xiong , Jiang Bian , Sijia Yang , Xiaofei Zhang , Linghe Kong , Daqing Zhang