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The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole (SMBH) is a highly energetic event with consequences dependent on the degree to which the star plunges inside the SMBH's tidal sphere. We introduce a new analytic model for tidal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Nicholas Stone , Re'em Sari , Abraham Loeb

When a star is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole (BH), roughly half of its mass falls back to the BH at super-Eddington rates. Being tenuously gravitationally bound and unable to cool radiatively, only a small fraction f_in <<…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-27 Brian D. Metzger , Nicholas C. Stone

We have carried out general relativistic particle simulations of stars tidally disrupted by massive black holes. When a star is disrupted in a bound orbit with moderate eccentricity instead of a parabolic orbit, the temporal behavior of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-15 Lixin Dai , Andres Escala , Paolo Coppi

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) can uncover the quiescent supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the center of galaxies. After the disruption of a star by a SMBH, the highly elliptical orbit of the debris stream will be gradually circularized…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-08 Jin-Hong Chen , Li-Ming Dou , Rong-Feng Shen

The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole is expected to lead to a short bright flare followed by an extended period of low-level emission. Existing models of the late-time accretion of the stellar debris via a thin disk…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Kristen Menou , Eliot Quataert

Tidal disruptions of stars by stellar-mass black holes are expected to occur frequently in dense star clusters. Building upon previous studies that performed hydrodynamic simulations of these encounters, we explore the formation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Kyle Kremer , Brenna Mockler , Anthony L. Piro , James C. Lombardi

We analytically and numerically study the hydrodynamic propagation of a precessing jet in the context of tidal disruption events (TDEs) where the star's angular momentum is misaligned with the black hole spin. We assume that a geometrically…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-25 Wenbin Lu , Tatsuya Matsumoto , Christopher D. Matzner

The disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole generates a sudden bright flare. Previous studies have focused on the disruption by single black holes, for which the fallback rate decays as~$\propto t^{-5/3}$. In this paper, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-21 Quentin Vigneron , Giuseppe Lodato , Alessio Guidarelli

It has been observed that many relativistic jets display a kind of cork-screw-like precession. Numerical simulations has suggested that such kind of precession may originate from the precession of the disk. In this work, we introduce an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-08 Ye Shen , Bin Chen

I discuss the possibility that accreting supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries with sub-parsec separations produce periodically recurring luminous outbursts that interrupt periods of relative quiescence. This hypothesis is motivated by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Takamitsu L. Tanaka

We examine the consequences of a model in which relativistic jets can be triggered in quiescent massive black holes when a geometrically thick and hot accretion disk forms as a result of the tidal disruption of a star. To estimate the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Fabio De Colle , James Guillochon , Jill Naiman , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

When a star is torn apart by the tidal forces of a supermassive black hole (a so-called TDE) a transient accretion episode is initiated and a hot, often X-ray bright, accretion disk is formed. Like any accretion flow this disk is turbulent,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-12 Andrew Mummery

Recently, the coprecession of both the accretion disk and the jet formed following the tidal disruption event associated with the optical transient AT2020afhd, driven by a supermassive black hole of almost ten million solar masses, were…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-27 Lorenzo Iorio

When a star passes close to a supermassive black hole (BH), the BH's tidal forces rip it apart into a thin stream, leading to a tidal disruption event (TDE). In this work, we study the post-disruption phase of TDEs in general relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-15 Zachary L. Andalman , Matthew T. P. Liska , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Eric R. Coughlin , Nicholas Stone

Magnetically arrested accretion disks (MADs) around a rapidly rotating black hole (BH) have been proposed as a model for jetted tidal disruption events (TDEs). However, the stream and disk interact strongly at times, and this will lead to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-21 Brandon Curd , Richard Anantua , Hayley West , Joaquin Duran

Magnetic fields regulate black hole (BH) accretion, governing both inflow and outflow dynamics. When a BH accumulates substantial vertical magnetic flux, it enters the magnetically arrested disk (MAD) state, where dynamically important…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-18 Koushik Chatterjee , Nicholas Kaaz , Matthew Liska , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Sera Markoff

The precession of astrophysical jets produced by active-galactic nuclei is likely related to the dynamics of the accretion disks surrounding the central supermassive black holes (BHs) from which jets are launched. The two main mechanisms…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-05 Nathan Steinle , Davide Gerosa , Martin G. H. Krause

Gas falling into a black hole (BH) from large distances is unaware of BH spin direction, and misalignment between the accretion disc and BH spin is expected to be common. However, the physics of tilted discs (e.g., angular momentum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-06 Matthew Liska , Casper Hesp , Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Adam Ingram , Michiel van der Klis , Sera Markoff

A star that passes too close to a massive black hole will be torn apart by tidal forces. The flare of photons emitted during the accretion of the stellar debris is predicted to be observable and candidates of such events have been observed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-07-23 Sjoert van Velzen , Elmar Koerding , Heino Falcke

Supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) is expected with the hierarchical galaxy formation model. Currently, physics processes dominating the evolution of a SMBHB are unclear. An interesting question is whether we could observationally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 F. K. Liu , X. Chen