Related papers: Object-oriented semantics of English in natural la…
We must recognize that natural language is a way of information encoding, and it encodes not only the information but also the procedures for how information is processed. To understand natural language, the same as we conceive and design…
General natural dialogue processing requires large amounts of domain knowledge as well as linguistic knowledge in order to ensure acceptable coverage and understanding. There are several ways of integrating lexical resources (e.g.…
Logic has proved essential for formally modeling software based systems. Such formal descriptions, frequently called specifications, have served not only as requirements documentation and formalisation, but also for providing the…
Human dialogue often contains utterances having meanings entirely different from the sentences used and are clearly understood by the interlocutors. But in human-computer interactions, the machine fails to understand the implicated meaning…
Referring expressions are natural language descriptions that identify a particular object within a scene and are widely used in our daily conversations. In this work, we focus on segmenting the object in an image specified by a referring…
Human speakers have an extensive toolkit of ways to express themselves. In this paper, we engage with an idea largely absent from discussions of meaning in natural language understanding--namely, that the way something is expressed reflects…
The Semantic Web through technologies such to support the canonical representation information and presenting it to users in a method by which its meaning can be understood or at least communi- cated and interpreted by all parties. As the…
The increase in performance in NLP due to the prevalence of distributional models and deep learning has brought with it a reciprocal decrease in interpretability. This has spurred a focus on what neural networks learn about natural language…
Neural machine translation (NMT) systems aim to map text from one language into another. While there are a wide variety of applications of NMT, one of the most important is translation of natural language. A distinguishing factor of natural…
Semantic parsing transforms a natural language question into a formal query over a knowledge base. Many existing methods rely on syntactic parsing like dependencies. However, the accuracy of producing such expressive formalisms is not…
Neural networks trained on natural language processing tasks capture syntax even though it is not provided as a supervision signal. This indicates that syntactic analysis is essential to the understating of language in artificial…
When developing a conversational agent, there is often an urgent need to have a prototype available in order to test the application with real users. A Wizard of Oz is a possibility, but sometimes the agent should be simply deployed in the…
Techniques in which words are represented as vectors have proved useful in many applications in computational linguistics, however there is currently no general semantic formalism for representing meaning in terms of vectors. We present a…
The SemanticWeb emerged as an extension to the traditional Web, towards adding meaning to a distributed Web of structured and linked data. At its core, the concept of ontology provides the means to semantically describe and structure…
Grounded understanding of natural language in physical scenes can greatly benefit robots that follow human instructions. In object manipulation scenarios, existing end-to-end models are proficient at understanding semantic concepts, but…
The web information resources are growing explosively in number and volume. Now to retrieve relevant data from web has become very difficult and time-consuming. Semantic Web envisions that these web resources should be developed in…
Semantic web is the next generation web, which concerns the meaning of web documents It has the immense power to pull out the most relevant information from the web pages, which is also meaningful to any user, using software agents. In…
Language provides simple ways of communicating generalizable knowledge to each other (e.g., "Birds fly", "John hikes", "Fire makes smoke"). Though found in every language and emerging early in development, the language of generalization is…
Spoken language applications in natural dialogue settings place serious requirements on the choice of processing architecture. Especially under adverse phonetic and acoustic conditions parsing procedures have to be developed which do not…
The Unified Modelling Language is emerging as a de-facto standard for modelling object-oriented systems. However, the semantics document that a part of the standard definition primarily provides a description of the language's syntax and…