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Quantum communication with systems of dimension larger than two provides advantages in information processing tasks. Examples include higher rates of key distribution and random number generation. The main disadvantage of using such…

An $n\overset{p}{\mapsto}m$ random access code (RAC) is an encoding of $n$ bits into $m$ bits such that any initial bit can be recovered with probability at least $p$, while in a quantum RAC (QRAC), the $n$ bits are encoded into $m$ qubits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-10 João F. Doriguello , Ashley Montanaro

A random access code (RAC) is a communication task in which the sender encodes a random message into a shorter one to be decoded by the receiver so that a randomly chosen character of the original message is recovered with some probability.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 Gabriel Pereira Alves , Nicolas Gigena , Jędrzej Kaniewski

While fully device-independent security in (BB84-like) prepare and measure Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is impossible, it can be guaranteed against individual attacks in a semi device-independent (SDI) scenario, wherein no assumptions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-08 Anubhav Chaturvedi , Maharshi Ray , Ryszard Veynar , Marcin Pawlowski

A random access code (RAC) is a strategy to encode a message into a shorter one in a way that any bit of the original can still be recovered with nontrivial probability. Encoding with quantum bits rather than classical ones can improve this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 Giulio Foletto , Luca Calderaro , Giuseppe Vallone , Paolo Villoresi

Randomness amplification is the task of transforming a source of somewhat random bits into a source of fully random bits. Although it is impossible to amplify randomness from a single source by classical means, the situation is different…

Our ability to trust that a random number is truly random is essential for fields as diverse as cryptography and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. Existing solutions both come with drawbacks -- device-independent quantum random number…

A $n^d \xrightarrow{p} 1$ Quantum Random Access Code (QRAC) is a communication task where Alice encodes $n$ classical bits into quantum states of dimension $d$ and transmits them to Bob, who performs appropriate measurements to recover the…

By proposing device-independent protocols, S. Pironio et al. [Nature 464, 1021-1024 (2010)] and R. Colbeck et al. [Nature Physics 8, 450-453 (2012)] proved that new randomness can be generated by using perfectly free random sources or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-19 Yu-Qian Zhou , Hong-Wei Li , Yu-Kun Wang , Dan-Dan Li , Fei Gao , Qiao-Yan Wen

By testing nonlocality, the security of entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) can be enhanced to being 'device-independent'. Here we ask whether such a strong form of security could also be established for one-way (prepare and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-18 Marcin Pawlowski , Nicolas Brunner

Expansion and amplification of weak randomness plays a crucial role in many security protocols. Using quantum devices, such procedure is possible even without trusting the devices used, by utilizing correlations between outcomes of parts of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-03 Jan Bouda , Marcin Pawlowski , Matej Pivoluska , Martin Plesch

In this paper, we analyze several critical issues in semi-device independent quantum information processing protocol. In practical experimental realization randomness generation in that scenario is possible only if the efficiency of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Marcin Pawlowski , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Semi-device-independent quantum protocols realize information tasks - e.g. secure key distribution, random access coding, and randomness generation - in a scenario where no assumption on the internal working of the devices used in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-28 Michele Dall'Arno , Elsa Passaro , Rodrigo Gallego , Marcin Pawlowski , Antonio Acin

Randomness is an important resource for many applications, from gambling to secure communication. However, guaranteeing that the output from a candidate random source could not have been predicted by an outside party is a challenging task,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-02 Roger Colbeck , Adrian Kent

The rates of quantum cryptographic protocols are usually expressed in terms of a conditional entropy minimized over a certain set of quantum states. In particular, in the device-independent setting, the minimization is over all the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Peter Brown , Hamza Fawzi , Omar Fawzi

Random access code (RAC) is an important communication protocol to obtain information about a randomly specified substring of an n-bit string, while only having limited information about the n-bit string. Quantum RACs usually utilise either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-21 Som Kanjilal , C Jebarathinam , Tomasz Paterek , Dipankar Home

Quantum technologies provide many applications for information processing tasks that are impossible to realize within classical physics. These capabilities include such fundamental resources as generating secure, i.e. private and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Amelie Piveteau , Alban Seguinard , Piotr Mironowicz , Mohamed Bourennane

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers based on the inherent randomness of quantum theory, rendering them a foundational segment of quantum cryptography. Distinguished from trusted-device QRNGs whose security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Zhenguo Lu , Jundong Wu , Yu Zhang , Shaobo Ren , Xuyang Wang , Hongyi Zhou , Yongmin Li

A random access code (RAC), corresponding to a communication primitive with various applications in quantum information theory, is an instance of a preparation-and-measurement scenario. In this work, we consider (n,d)-RACs constituting an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Andris Ambainis , Dmitry Kravchenko , Sk Sazim , Joonwoo Bae , Ashutosh Rai

The rates of several device-independent (DI) protocols, including quantum key-distribution (QKD) and randomness expansion (RE), can be computed via an optimization of the conditional von Neumann entropy over a particular class of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Peter Brown , Hamza Fawzi , Omar Fawzi