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In prior work, we have argued that spacetime functionalism provides tools for clarifying the conceptual difficulties specifically linked to the emergence of spacetime in certain approaches to quantum gravity. We argue in this article that…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-03-24 Vincent Lam , Christian Wuthrich

We explore the properties of physical theories in space-times with two time dimensions. We show that the common arguments used to rule such theories out do not apply if the dynamics associated with the additional time dimension is thermal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-01-25 Jacob G. Foster , Berndt Müller

A long-standing tradition, largely present in both the physical and the philosophical literature, regards the advent of (special) relativity -- with its block-universe picture -- as the failure of any indeterministic program in physics. On…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Flavio Del Santo , Nicolas Gisin

The paper defends the thesis that it's possible to maintain some conceptual preconditions of overcoming of relativistic intentions in modern philosophy of science ("there are no any general foundations in philosophy of science"). We found…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-02-09 Sergey Kulikov

It is widely accepted that the notion of an inertial frame is central to Newtonian mechanics and that the correct space-time structure underlying $\text{Newton's}$ methods in $\textit{Principia}$ is neo-Newtonian or Galilean space-time. I…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Simon Saunders

The 4-dimensional space-time is extended to pseudo-complex coordinates. Proposing the standard quantization rules in this extended space, the ones for the 4-dimensional sub-space acquire, as one solution, the commutation relations with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-23 Peter O. Hess

We summarize the arguments that space and time are likely to be emergent notions; i.e. they are not present in the fundamental formulation of the theory, but appear as approximate macroscopic concepts. Along the way we briefly review…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 Nathan Seiberg

Taking into account the results that we have been obtained during the last decade in the foundations of quantum mechanic we put forward a view on reality that we call the 'creation discovery view'. In this view it is made explicit that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Diederik Aerts

This is a chapter for an upcoming book, "Space, Time, and the Limits of Human Understanding", edited by Shyam Wuppuluri and Giancarlo Ghirardi. I first present the classical picture of flat space and ever-flowing time, as generally accepted…

Popular Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 Lorenzo Sadun

I address the issue of spacetime dimensionality within Kaluza-Klein theories and theories with large extra dimensions. I review the arguments explaining the dimensionality of the universe, within the framework of string gas cosmology and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Mairi Sakellariadou

When compared to quantum mechanics, classical mechanics is often depicted in a specific metaphysical flavour: spatio-temporal realism or a Newtonian "background" is presented as an intrinsic fundamental classical presumption. However, the…

General Physics · Physics 2025-05-30 C. Baumgarten

This article explores the constraints of perception and cognition in relativistic physics. Describing reality as a cognitive representation of our sensory inputs, the article shows how the limitations in perception translate to the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Manoj Thulasidas

In general-covariant theories the Hamiltonian is a constraint, and hence there is no time evolution; this is the problem of time. In the subcritical free string, the Hamiltonian ceases to be a constraint after quantization due to conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 T. A. Larsson

The world is four-dimensional according to fundamental physics, governed by basic laws that operate in a spacetime that has no unique division into space and time. Yet our subjective experience is divided into present, past, and future.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 James B. Hartle

Paralleling the formal derivation of general relativity as a flat spacetime theory, we introduce in addition a preferred temporal foliation. The physical interpretation of the formalism is considered in the context of 5-dimensional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Brian Pitts , W. C. Schieve

In this work we present a re-evaluation of the concept of time in non-relativistic quantum theory. We suggest a formalism in which time is changed into the status of an operator, and where expectation values of observables and the state of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-13 Eduardo O. Dias , Fernando Parisio

Even though the concepts of time and space are basic concepts of physics, they have not been vouchsafed a constructive definition. As to space, this is no wonder because a correct notion of space cannot be formed in the frame of the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yefim Bakman , Boris Pogorelsky

The original Dirac Equation is modified in the simplest imaginable and most trivial manner to include a universal 4-Vector Cosmological Field term in the space and time dimensions. This cosmological field leads to a modified Dirac Equation…

General Physics · Physics 2009-05-05 G. G. Nyambuya

It is suggested, that a curved 4-dimensional space-time manifold is a strained elastic plate in multidimensional embedding space-time. Its thicknesses along extradimensions are much less than 4-dimensional sizes. Reduced 4-dimensional free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergey S. Kokarev

It is shown that the notion of fundamental elements can be extended to_any_, i.e. not necessarily homaloidal, web of rational surfaces in a three-dimensional projective space. A Cremonian space-time can then be viewed as an_emergent_…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Metod Saniga