Related papers: Energy dissipation in small-scale shape-change dyn…

Collective motion in biology is often modelled as a dynamical system, in which individuals are represented as particles whose interactions are determined by the current state of the system. Many animals, however, including humans, have…

We define a characteristic energy density based on the measurement of the two first moments of the extrinsic injected power smoothed over time. Using the stationarity, we show that this definition characterizes an energy per degrees freedom…

Fluid dynamics in intrinsically curved geometries is encountered in many physical systems in nature, ranging from microscopic bio-membranes all the way up to general relativity at cosmological scales. Despite the diversity of applications,…

Many theoretical expressions of dissipation along non-equilibrium processes have been proposed. However, they have not been fully verified by experiments. Especially for systems strongly interacting with environments the connection between…

The asymptotic form of the energy density for a gas of particles surrounding a sphere of mass $M$ and radius $R$ is studied using Einstein's equations. It is shown that if the pressure of the gas $p$ varies linearly with the energy density…

The concept of entropy has been pivotal in the formulation of thermodynamics. For systems driven away from thermal equilibrium, a comparable role is played by entropy production and dissipation. Here we provide a comprehensive picture how…

Shape transformations in driven and damped molecular chains are considered. Closed chains of weakly coupled molecular subunits under the action of spatially homogeneous time-periodic external field are studied. The coupling between the…

Energy dissipation rate is an important parameter for nearly every experiment on turbulent flow. Mathematically precise relationships between energy dissipation rate and other measurable statistics for the case of anisotropic turbulence are…

Life has a special status, it even has its own science: biology. In many ways, the logic of life seems to differ from that of atoms, molecules, planets, or any other `inanimate object'. However, life is increasingly measured using…

The study of the response of amorphous materials to oscillatory strain is traditionally performed with many repeated cycles. We argue that it pays to consider carefully just one cycle (and may be a second), to reveal the rich physics that…

It is well known that energy dissipation and finite size can deeply affect the dynamics of granular matter, often making usual hydrodynamic approaches problematic. Here we report on the experi-mental investigation of a small model system,…

The emergence of a classical spacetime from any quantum gravity model is still a subtle and only partially understood issue. If indeed spacetime is arising as some sort of large scale condensate of more fundamental objects then it is…

The exploration of the rich dynamics of electrons is a frontier in fundamental nano-physics. The dynamical behavior of electrons is dominated by random and chaotic thermal motion with ultrafast ($\approx$ ps) and nanoscale scatterings. This…

We propose a method to continually monitor the energy of a quantum system. We show that by having some previous knowledge of the system's dynamics, but not all of it, one can use the measured energy to determine many other quantities, such…

Nuclear fission is still one of the most complex physical processes we can observe in nature due to the interplay of macroscopic and microscopic nuclear properties that decide the result. An example of this coupling is the presence of…

A simple and effective approach to thermodynamics is suggested, which solves the major difficulties in the traditional presentation of the subject. The internal energy is introduced from the behavior of deformable bodies, whereas the…

The existence of the thermodynamic limit in spin systems with short- and long-range interactions is established. We consider the infinite-volume limit with a fixed shape of the system. The variational expressions of the entropy density and…

A geometric formulation for stabilization of systems with one degree of underactuation which fully solves the energy shaping problem for these system is given. The results show that any linearly controllable simple mechanical system with…

In the theory of special relativity, energy can be found in two forms: kinetic energy and rest mass. Potential energy of a body is actually stored under the form of rest mass, interaction energy too, temperature is not. Information acquired…

Energy decay is established for the damped wave equation on compact Riemannian manifolds where the damping coefficient is allowed to depend on time. Using a time dependent observability inequality, it is shown that the energy of solutions…