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Enumerative Geometry is concerned with the number of solutions to a structured system of polynomial equations, when the structure comes from geometry. Enumerative real algebraic geometry studies real solutions to such systems, particularly…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Frank Sottile

Cographs--defined most simply as complete graphs with colored lines--both dualize and generalize ordinary graphs, and promise a comparably wide range of applications. This article introduces them by examples, catalogues, and elementary…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-05-31 Robert Haas

Motivated by applications in data science, we study partial differential equations on graphs. By a classical fixed-point argument, we show existence and uniqueness of solutions to a class of nonlocal continuity equations on graphs. We…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-06-06 A. Esposito , F. S. Patacchini , A. Schlichting

For a class of flows on polytopes, including many examples from Evolutionary Game Theory, we describe a piecewise linear model which encapsulates the asymptotic dynamics along the heteroclinic network formed out of the polytope's vertexes…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-12-16 Hassan Najafi Alishah , Pedro Duarte , Telmo Peixe

We seek to determine a real algebraic variety from a fixed finite subset of points. Existing methods are studied and new methods are developed. Our focus lies on aspects of topology and algebraic geometry, such as dimension and defining…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-08-17 Paul Breiding , Sara Kalisnik Verovsek , Bernd Sturmfels , Madeleine Weinstein

A finite-dimensional unital and associative algebra over $\mathbb{R}$, or what we shall call simply "an algebra" in this paper for short, generalities the construction by which we derive the complex numbers by "adjoining an element $i$" to…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Nathan BeDell

We examine a number of results of infinite combinatorics using the techniques of reverse mathematics. Our results are inspired by similar results in recursive combinatorics. Theorems included concern colorings of graphs and bounded graphs,…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-02-03 William Gasarch , Jeffry Hirst

We suggest a combinatorial classification of metric filtrations in measure spaces; a complete invariant of such a filtration is its combinatorial scheme, a measure on the space of hierarchies of the group~$\mathbb Z$. In turn, the notion of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-12-20 A. Vershik , P. Zatitskiy

We introduce a new combinatorial abstraction for the graphs of polyhedra. The new abstraction is a flexible framework defined by combinatorial properties, with each collection of properties taken providing a variant for studying the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-02 Edward D. Kim

We study the structure of the asymptotic expansion of the probability that a combinatorial object is connected. We show that the coefficients appearing in those asymptotics are integers and can be interpreted as the counting sequences of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-02 Thierry Monteil , Khaydar Nurligareev

In this paper, we survey constructions of and nonexistence results on combinatorial/geometric structures which arise from unions of cyclotomic classes of finite fields. In particular, we survey both classical and recent results on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-11 Koji Momihara , Qi Wang , Qing Xiang

The field of numerical algebraic geometry consists of algorithms for numerically solving systems of polynomial equations. When the system is exact, such as having rational coefficients, the solution set is well-defined. However, for a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Emma R. Cobian , Jonathan D. Hauenstein , Charles W. Wampler

We study a combinatorial notion where given a set of lattice points one takes the set of all sums of subsets of a fixed size, and we ask if the given set comes from a convex lattice polytope whether the resulting set also comes from a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Alexander Lemmens

Existing approaches to solving combinatorial optimization problems on graphs suffer from the need to engineer each problem algorithmically, with practical problems recurring in many instances. The practical side of theoretical computer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Natalia Vesselinova , Rebecca Steinert , Daniel F. Perez-Ramirez , Magnus Boman

This article is an interdisciplinary review and an on-going progress report over the last few years made by myself and collaborators in certain fundamental subjects on two major theoretic branches in mathematics and theoretical physics:…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Shi-shyr Roan

Although NP-Complete problems are the most difficult decisional problems, it is possible to discover in them polynomial (or easy) observables. We study the Graph Partitioning Problem showing that it is possible to recognize in it two…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 M. A. Marchisio

Providing an abstract representation of natural and human complex structures is a challenging problem. Accounting for the system heterogenous components while allowing for analytical tractability is a difficult balance. Here I introduce…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-08-21 Alexei Vazquez

This paper describes the foundations of a differential geometry of a quaternionic curves. The Frenet-Serret equations and the evolutes and evolvents of a particular quaternionic curve are accordingly determined. This new formulation takes…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-08-20 Sergio Giardino

Deciding whether a graph can be embedded in a grid using only unit-length edges is NP-complete, even when restricted to binary trees. However, it is not difficult to devise a number of graph classes for which the problem is polynomial, even…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-13 Vinícius G. P. de Sá , Guilherme D. da Fonseca , Raphael Machado , Celina M. H. de Figueiredo

This paper establishes the basis of the quaternionic differential geometry ($\mathbbm H$DG) initiated in a previous article. The usual concepts of curves and surfaces are generalized to quaternionic constraints, as well as the curvature and…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Sergio Giardino