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The four observables associated with gravitational lensing of distant quasars by intervening galaxies: image splittings, relative amplifications, time delays, and optical depths, provide separate measures of the strength of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 Lawrence Krauss , Martin White

The statistics of gravitational lensing can provide us with a very powerful probe of the mass distribution of matter in the universe. By comparing predicted strong lensing probabilities with observations, we can test the mass distribution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Tong-Jie Zhang

Despite consistent progress in numerical simulations, the observable properties of galaxy clusters are difficult to predict ab initio. It is therefore important to compare both theoretical and observational results to a direct measure of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Henk Hoekstra , Matthias Bartelmann , Haakon Dahle , Holger Israel , Marceau Limousin , Massimo Meneghetti

Photometric wide-area observations in the next decade will be capable of detecting a large number of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses, increasing the gravitational lens sample size by orders of magnitude. To aid in forecasting and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-02 Giovanni Ferrami , Stuart Wyithe

When a gravitational wave encounters a massive object along the line of sight, repeated copies of the original signal may be produced due to gravitational lensing. In this paper, we develop a series of new machine-learning based statistical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-09 Giulia Campailla , Marco Raveri , Wayne Hu , Jose María Ezquiaga

Gravitational lensing is most often used as a tool to investigate the distribution of (dark) matter in the universe, but, if the mass distribution is known a priori, it becomes, at least in principle, a powerful probe of gravity itself.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Daniel J. Mortlock , Edwin L. Turner

Gravitational lensing is an invaluable probe of the nature of dark matter, and the structures it forms. Lensed gravitational waves in particular allow for unparalleled sensitivity to small scale structures within the lenses, due to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-17 Luka Vujeva , Jose María Ezquiaga , Daniel Gilman , Srashti Goyal , Miguel Zumalacárregui

As the interferometers detecting gravitational waves are upgraded, improving their sensitivity, the probability of observing strong lensing increases. Once a detection is made, it will be critical to gain as much information as possible…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-31 Mick Wright , Justin Janquart , Martin Hendry

In this work we introduced a new proposal to study the gravitational lensing theory by spherical lenses, starting from its surface mass density $\Sigma(x)$ written in terms of a decreasing function $f$ of a dimensionless coordinate $x$ on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-21 Roger Hurtado , Leonardo Castaneda , Juan M. Tejeiro

Luminous tracers have been used extensively to map the large-scale matter distribution in the Universe. Similarly the dynamics of stars or galaxies can be used to estimate masses of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. However, assumptions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-25 H. Hoekstra

The probability distribution of lens image separations is calculated for the ``standard'' gravitational lensing statistics model in an arbitrary, flat Robertson-Walker universe, where lensing galaxies are singular isothermal spheres that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Myeong-Gu Park

Motivated by examples from genetic association studies, this paper considers the model selection problem in a general complex linear model system and in a Bayesian framework. We discuss formulating model selection problems and incorporating…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-03-14 Xiaoquan Wen

In order to use a gravitational lens to measure the Hubble constant accurately, it is necessary to derive a reliable model of the lens surface potential. If the analysis is restricted to the locations and magnifications of point images, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roger Blandford , Gabriela Surpi , Tomislav Kundic

Gravitational lensing has emerged as a powerful probe of the matter distribution on subgalactic scales, which itself may contain important clues about the fundamental origins and properties of dark matter. Broadly speaking, two different…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-29 Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine , Charles R. Keeton , Leonidas A. Moustakas

Gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies offers a powerful probe of their structure and mass distribution. Deriving a lens magnification map for a galaxy cluster is a classic inversion problem and many methods have been developed over…

All gravitational-wave signals are inevitably gravitationally lensed by intervening matter as they propagate through the Universe. When a gravitational-wave signal is magnified, it \emph{appears} to have originated from a closer, more…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 Amanda M. Farah , Jose María Ezquiaga , Maya Fishbach , Daniel E. Holz

The different regimes of gravitational lensing constitutes an interesting tool in order to map the mass distribution in galaxy clusters on different scales. In this proceedings article, I review some work I have performed on this topic.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-18 Marceau Limousin

The mathematical theory of gravitational lensing has revealed many generic and global properties. Beginning with multiple imaging, we review Morse-theoretic image counting formulas and lower bound results, and complex-algebraic upper bounds…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-20 A. O. Petters , M. C. Werner

The theory of gravitational lensing is reviewed from a spacetime perspective, without quasi-Newtonian approximations. More precisely, the review covers all aspects of gravitational lensing where light propagation is described in terms of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-10-19 Volker Perlick

The images of relativistic jets from extragalactic sources produced by gravitational lensing by galaxies with different mass surface density distributions are modeled. In particular, the following models of the gravitational lens mass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 T. I. Larchenkova , A. A. Lutovinov , N. S. Lyskova