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This paper presents new theoretical results on the passage of muons through liquid hydrogen which have been confirmed in a recent experiment. These are used to demonstrate that muon bunches may be compressed by ionisation cooling more…
In an effort to increase spatial and temporal resolution of ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy, ultra-high brightness photocathodes are actively sought to improve electron beam quality. Beam dynamics codes often approximate the…
Observations of magnetic field strengths imply that molecular cloud fragments are individually close to being in a magnetically critical state, even though both magnetic field and column density measurements range over two orders of…
The influence of electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations in the presence of the perfectly conducting plate on electrons is studied with an interference experiment. The evolution of the reduced density matrix of the electron is derived by the…
The controversy with respect to the role of electron-electron collisions in the dynamic conductivity of dense plasmas is resolved. In particular, the dc conductivity is analyzed in the low-density, non-degenerate limit where the Spitzer…
Layer clouds are abundant in the Earth's atmosphere. Such clouds do not become sufficiently strongly charged to generate lightning, but they show weak charging along the upper and lower cloud boundaries where there is a conductivity…
Electron holes (EH) are localized modes in plasma kinetic theory which appear as vortices in phase space. Earlier research on EH is based on the Schamel distribution function (df). A novel distribution function is proposed here,…
Methods for calculating an electron density of a periodic crystal constructed using non-orthogonal localised orbitals are discussed. We demonstrate that an existing method based on the matrix expansion of the inverse of the overlap matrix…
Non-ideal MHD effects are thought to be a crucial component of the star-formation process. Numerically, several complications render the study of non-ideal MHD effects in 3D simulations extremely challenging and hinder our efforts of…
We present a detailed analysis (including redshift tomography) of the cosmic dipoles in the Keck+VLT quasar absorber and in the Union2 SnIa samples. We show that the fine structure constant cosmic dipole obtained through the Keck+VLT quasar…
The ionization fraction is an important factor in determining the chemical and physical evolution of star forming regions. In the dense, dark starless cores of such objects, the ionization rate is dominated by cosmic rays; it is therefore…
A simple analytical model of the barrier discharge in a long gap between opposing plane electrodes is developed. It is shown that the plasma density becomes uniform over large part of the gap in the course of the discharge development, so…
Spacecraft potential has often been used to infer electron density with much higher time resolution than is typically possible with plasma instruments. However, recently two studies by Torkar et al. 2017 and Graham et al. 2018 have shown…
Within quantum chemistry, the electron clouds that surround nuclei in atoms and molecules are sometimes treated as clouds of probability and sometimes as clouds of charge. These two roles, tracing back to Schr\"odinger and Born, are in…
To what extent magnetic fields affect how molecular clouds (MCs) fragment and create dense structures is an open question. We present a numerical study of cloud fragmentation using the SILCC-Zoom simulations. These simulations follow the…
While in principle exact, Kohn-Sham density functional theory -- the workhorse of computational chemistry -- must rely on approximations for the exchange-correlation functional. Despite staggering successes, present-day approximations still…
Current sheets (CSs) are preferred sites of magnetic reconnection and energy dissipation in collisionless astrophysical plasmas. Electric currents in them may be carried by both electrons and ions. In our prior theoretical studies of…
The angular-averaged differential cross section (dcs) of the elastic electron proton (ep) scattering, covering Q^2 < 1.0GeV^2, was fitted via a combined modified eq-scatterings where q is a point particle. The modifications represent the…
This work presents transport coefficients of electrons (bulk drift velocity, longitudinal diffusion coefficient, and effective ionization frequency) in CO2 measured under time-of-flight conditions over a wide range of the reduced electric…
Charged surfaces in contact with liquids containing ions are accompanied in equilibrium by an electric double layer consisting of a layer of electric charge on the surface that is screened by a diffuse ion cloud in the bulk fluid. This…