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Center-based clustering (e.g., $k$-means, $k$-medians) and clustering using linear subspaces are two most popular techniques to partition real-world data into smaller clusters. However, when the data consists of sensitive demographic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Sruthi Gorantla , Kishen N. Gowda , Amit Deshpande , Anand Louis

This paper explores the critical role of data clustering in data science, emphasizing its methodologies, tools, and diverse applications. Traditional techniques, such as partitional and hierarchical clustering, are analyzed alongside…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Tai Dinh , Wong Hauchi , Daniil Lisik , Michal Koren , Dat Tran , Philip S. Yu , Joaquín Torres-Sospedra

Data clustering is a fundamental problem with a wide range of applications. Standard methods, eg the $k$-means method, usually require solving a non-convex optimization problem. Recently, total variation based convex relaxation to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-08-29 Guodong Xu , Yu Xia , Hui Ji

It has been shown that community detection algorithms work better for clustering tasks than other, more popular methods, such as k-means. In fact, network analysis based methods often outperform more widely used methods and do not suffer…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Nina Mrzelj , Pavlin Gregor Poličar

Cluster analysis relates to the task of assigning objects into groups which ideally present some desirable characteristics. When a cluster structure is confined to a subset of the feature space, traditional clustering techniques face…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Efthymios Costa , Ioanna Papatsouma , Angelos Markos

There are many cluster analysis methods that can produce quite different clusterings on the same dataset. Cluster validation is about the evaluation of the quality of a clustering; "relative cluster validation" is about using such criteria…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-10 Christian Hennig

Clustering aims to group unlabeled objects based on similarity inherent among them into clusters. It is important for many tasks such as anomaly detection, database sharding, record linkage, and others. Some clustering methods are taken as…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Binbin Gu , Saeed Kargar , Faisal Nawab

In recent years, much of the research on clustering algorithms has primarily focused on enhancing their accuracy and efficiency, frequently at the expense of interpretability. However, as these methods are increasingly being applied in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Lianyu Hu , Mudi Jiang , Junjie Dong , Xinying Liu , Zengyou He

Cluster analysis methods are used to identify homogeneous subgroups in a data set. In biomedical applications, one frequently applies cluster analysis in order to identify biologically interesting subgroups. In particular, one may wish to…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-23 Sheila Gaynor , Eric Bair

In clustering problems, a central decision-maker is given a complete metric graph over vertices and must provide a clustering of vertices that minimizes some objective function. In fair clustering problems, vertices are endowed with a color…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Seyed A. Esmaeili , Brian Brubach , Leonidas Tsepenekas , John P. Dickerson

The feature-selection problem is formulated from an information-theoretic perspective. We show that the problem can be efficiently solved by an extension of the recently proposed info-clustering paradigm. This reveals the fundamental…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Chung Chan , Ali Al-Bashabsheh , Qiaoqiao Zhou , Tie Liu

A major limitation of clustering approaches is their lack of explainability: methods rarely provide insight into which features drive the grouping of similar observations. To address this limitation, we propose an ensemble-based clustering…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-23 Federico Maria Quetti , Elena Ballante , Silvia Figini , Paolo Giudici

Clustering under pairwise constraints is an important knowledge discovery tool that enables the learning of appropriate kernels or distance metrics to improve clustering performance. These pairwise constraints, which come in the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Benedikt Boecking , Vincent Jeanselme , Artur Dubrawski

Clustering is a technique for the analysis of datasets obtained by empirical studies in several disciplines with a major application for biomedical research. Essentially, clustering algorithms are executed by machines aiming at finding…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-30 Diego Ulisse Pizzagalli , Santiago Fernandez Gonzalez , Rolf Krause

Data clustering is an instrumental tool in the area of energy resource management. One problem with conventional clustering is that it does not take the final use of the clustered data into account, which may lead to a very suboptimal use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Chao Zhang , Samson Lasaulce , Martin Hennebel , Lucas Saludjian , Patrick Panciatici , H. Vincent Poor

The clustering of a data set is one of the core tasks in data analytics. Many clustering algorithms exhibit a strong contrast between a favorable performance in practice and bad theoretical worst-cases. Prime examples are least-squares…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-05 S. Borgwardt , F. Happach

We study the problem of clustering sequences of unlabeled point sets taken from a common metric space. Such scenarios arise naturally in applications where a system or process is observed in distinct time intervals, such as biological…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Tamal K. Dey , Alfred Rossi , Anastasios Sidiropoulos

Traditionally, clustering algorithms focus on partitioning the data into groups of similar instances. The similarity objective, however, is not sufficient in applications where a fair-representation of the groups in terms of protected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Tai Le Quy , Arjun Roy , Gunnar Friege , Eirini Ntoutsi

We review clustering as an analysis tool and the underlying concepts from an introductory perspective. What is clustering and how can clusterings be realised programmatically? How can data be represented and prepared for a clustering task?…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Jan-Oliver Felix Kapp-Joswig , Bettina G. Keller

Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning task that consists of identifying groups of similar objects. It has numerous applications and is increasingly used in fairness-sensitive domains where objects represent individuals, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Claudio Mantuano , Manuel Kammermann , Philipp Baumann