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We present the unified market-based description of returns and variances of the trades with shares of a particular security, of the trades with shares of all securities in the market, and of the trades with the market portfolio. We consider…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-16 Victor Olkhov

We provided proof here that coefficient of variation (CV) is a direct measure of risk using an equation that has been derived here for the first time. We also presented a method to generate a stock CV based on return that strongly…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-06-22 Julius O. Campeciño

Many active funds hold concentrated portfolios. Flow-driven trading in these securities causes price pressure, which pushes up the funds' existing positions resulting in realized returns. We decompose fund returns into a price pressure…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-22 Philippe van der Beck , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Dario Villamaina

It has been widely observed that capitalization-weighted indexes can be beaten by surprisingly simple, systematic investment strategies. Indeed, in the U.S. stock market, equal-weighted portfolios, random-weighted portfolios, and other…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-09-12 Adrian Banner , Robert Fernholz , Vassilios Papathanakos , Johannes Ruf , David Schofield

This paper describes the dependence of market-based statistical moments of returns on statistical moments and correlations of the current and past trade values. We use Markowitz's definition of value weighted return of a portfolio as the…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-17 Victor Olkhov

We show that financial correlations exhibit a non-trivial dynamic behavior. We introduce a simple phenomenological model of a multi-asset financial market, which takes into account the impact of portfolio investment on price dynamics. This…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Giacomo Raffaelli , Matteo Marsili

This note discusses some of the aspects of a model for the covariance of equity returns based on a simple "isotropic" structure in which all pairwise correlations are taken to be the same value. The effect of the structure on feasible…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-29 Graham L. Giller

Multivariate probability density functions of returns are constructed in order to model the empirical behavior of returns in a financial time series. They describe the well-established deviations from the Gaussian random walk, such as an…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-08-23 E. Alessio , V. Frappietro , M. I. Krivoruchenko , L. J. Streckert

The volatility characterizes the amplitude of price return fluctuations. It is a central magnitude in finance closely related to the risk of holding a certain asset. Despite its popularity on trading floors, the volatility is unobservable…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Zoltan Eisler , Josep Perello , Jaume Masoliver

In portfolio risk minimization, the inverse covariance matrix of returns is often unknown and has to be estimated in practice. This inverse covariance matrix also prescribes the hedge trades in which a stock is hedged by all the other…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-07-15 Lim Hao Shen Keith

We consider an augmented version of Merton's portfolio choice problem, where trading by large investors influences the price of underlying financial asset leading to strategic interaction among investors, with investors deciding their…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-29 Puru Gupta , Saul D. Jacka

We derive simple return models for several classes of bond portfolios. With only one or two risk factors our models are able to explain most of the return variations in portfolios of fixed rate government bonds, inflation linked government…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2010-11-16 Matti Koivu , Teemu Pennanen

Cryptocurrency markets have attracted many interest for global investors because of their novelty, wide online availability, increasing capitalization and potential profits. In the econophysics tradition we show that many of the most…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-11-23 Noe Rodriguez-Rodriguez , Octavio Miramontes

In practice daily volatility of portfolio returns is transformed to longer holding periods by multiplying by the square-root of time which assumes that returns are not serially correlated. Under this assumption this procedure of scaling can…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-11-30 Nikolaus Rab , Richard Warnung

We introduce the concept of virtual volatility. This simple but new measure shows how to quantify the uncertainty in the forecast of the drift component of a random walk. The virtual volatility also is a useful tool in understanding the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Christian Silva , Richard E. Prange

A diversification quotient (DQ) quantifies diversification in stochastic portfolio models based on a family of risk measures. We study DQ based on expectiles, offering a useful alternative to conventional risk measures such as Value-at-Risk…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-28 Xia Han , Liyuan Lin , Hao Wang , Ruodu Wang

The evolution with time of the correlation structure of equity returns is studied by means of a filtered network approach investigating persistences and recurrences and their implications for risk diversification strategies. We build…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-10-22 Nicoló Musmeci , Tomaso Aste , Tiziana Di Matteo

In this short note the theory for multivariate asset allocation with elliptically symmetric distributions of returns, as developed in the author's prior work, is specialized to the case of returns drawn from a multivariate Laplace…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-11-15 Graham L. Giller

This paper investigates a novel behavioral feature of recursive preferences: aversion to risks that persist over time, or simply \textit{correlation aversion}. Greater persistence provides information about future consumption but reduces…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 Lorenzo Maria Stanca

We consider an investor facing a classical portfolio problem of optimal investment in a log-Brownian stock and a fixed-interest bond, but constrained to choose portfolio and consumption strategies that reduce a dynamic shortfall risk…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-08-04 Imke Redeker , Ralf Wunderlich