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Related papers: On quantum interactive proofs with short messages

200 papers

We show the following hold, unconditionally unless otherwise stated, relative to a random oracle: - There are NP search problems solvable by quantum polynomial-time machines but not classical probabilistic polynomial-time machines. - There…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Takashi Yamakawa , Mark Zhandry

We initiate the study of non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) arguments for languages in QMA. Our first main result is the following: if Learning With Errors (LWE) is hard for quantum computers, then any language in QMA has an NIZK…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Andrea Coladangelo , Thomas Vidick , Tina Zhang

This paper studies whether quantum proofs are more powerful than classical proofs, or in complexity terms, whether QMA=QCMA. We prove three results about this question. First, we give a "quantum oracle separation" between QMA and QCMA. More…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Scott Aaronson , Greg Kuperberg

We propose to extend the Dafny system with an interactive proof mode. We present a motivating example, how the IPM works, including the main design choices we make, and a prototype implementation.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Ştefan Ciobâcă , K. Rustan M. Leino , Ştefan-Alexandru Mercaş , Roxana-Mihaela Timon

In multi-prover interactive proofs, the verifier interrogates the provers and attempts to steal their knowledge. Other than that, the verifier's role has not been studied. We have discovered that the verifier plays a much more important…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-01 Claude Crépeau , Nan Yang

Automatic verification deals with the validation by means of computers of correctness certificates. The related tools, usually called proof assistants or interactive provers, provide an interactive environment for the creation of formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Andrea Asperti

When computation is outsourced, the data owner would like to be assured that the desired computation has been performed correctly by the service provider. In theory, proof systems can give the necessary assurance, but prior work is not…

Databases · Computer Science 2011-10-03 Graham Cormode , Justin Thaler , Ke Yi

There are two kinds of systems that programming language researchers use for their work. Semantics engineering tools let them interactively explore their definitions, while proof assistants can be used to check the proofs of their…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jan Liam Verter , Tomas Petricek

Distinguishing logarithmic depth quantum circuits on mixed states is shown to be complete for QIP, the class of problems having quantum interactive proof systems. Circuits in this model can represent arbitrary quantum processes, and thus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-02 Bill Rosgen

We propose a synthesis of the two proof styles of interactive theorem proving: the procedural style (where proofs are scripts of commands, like in Coq) and the declarative style (where proofs are texts in a controlled natural language, like…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Freek Wiedijk

This paper investigates the role of interaction and coins in public-coin quantum interactive proof systems (also called quantum Arthur-Merlin games). While prior works focused on classical public coins even in the quantum setting, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-23 Hirotada Kobayashi , François Le Gall , Harumichi Nishimura

This paper gives a QMA (Quantum Merlin-Arthur) protocol for 3-SAT with two logarithmic-size quantum proofs (that are not entangled with each other) such that the gap between the completeness and the soundness is Omega(1/n polylog(n)). This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-05 Francois Le Gall , Shota Nakagawa , Harumichi Nishimura

The quantum PCP (QPCP) conjecture states that all problems in QMA, the quantum analogue of NP, admit quantum verifiers that only act on a constant number of qubits of a polynomial size quantum proof and have a constant gap between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-09 Alex B. Grilo , Iordanis Kerenidis , Attila Pereszlényi

We propose a simple protocol for the verification of quantum computation after the computation has been performed. Our construction can be seen as an improvement on previous results in that it requires only a single prover, who is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-19 Tomoyuki Morimae , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

A principal and $n\ge 2$ agents can launch a project if the principal proposes it and at least $k$ agents accept. Their individual payoffs from the project depend on an ex ante unknown state. The principal can conduct a test to learn about…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-06 Zhicheng Du , Yingkai Li , Boli Xu

Quantum protocols such as the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution protocol exchange qubits to achieve information-theoretic security guarantees. Many variants thereof were proposed, some of them being already deployed. Existing security proofs in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Lucca Hirschi

We describe a general method for verifying inequalities between real-valued expressions, especially the kinds of straightforward inferences that arise in interactive theorem proving. In contrast to approaches that aim to be complete with…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Jeremy Avigad , Robert Y. Lewis , Cody Roux

We consider the problem of quantifying information flow in interactive systems, modelled as finite-state transducers in the style of Goguen and Meseguer. Our main result is that if the system is deterministic then the information flow is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-14 David Mestel

A communication protocol is introduced that allows the receiver of a message to place an a posteriori bound on the amount of information that an eavesdropper could have obtained during transmission of that message. This quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul A. Lopata , Thomas B. Bahder

We introduce a class of communication tests where the task is to communicate partial ignorance by means of a physical system. We present a full characterization of the implementations of these tests in the qubit case and partial results for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-04 Teiko Heinosaari , Oskari Kerppo