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In quantum systems, entanglement corresponds to nonclassical correlation of nonlocal observables. Thus, entanglement (or, to the contrary, separability) of a given quantum state is not uniquely determined by properties of the state, but may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-21 Iacopo Pozzana

We present a general approach to quantum entanglement and entropy that is based on algebras of observables and states thereon. In contrast to more standard treatments, Hilbert space is an emergent concept, appearing as a representation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-08-09 A. P. Balachandran , T. R. Govindarajan , Amilcar R. de Queiroz , A. F. Reyes-Lega

We discuss the concept of how entanglement changes with respect to different factorizations of the total algebra which describes the quantum states. Depending on the considered factorization a quantum state appears either entangled or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-15 Walter Thirring , Reinhold A. Bertlmann , Philipp Köhler , Heide Narnhofer

In quantum physics, multiparticle systems are described by quantum states acting on tensor products of Hilbert spaces. This product structure leads to the distinction between product states and entangled states; moreover, one can quantify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Lisa T. Weinbrenner , Albert Rico , Kenneth Goodenough , Xiao-Dong Yu , Otfried Gühne

This paper is devoted to clarification of the notion of entanglement through decoupling it from the tensor product structure and treating as a constraint posed by probabilistic dependence of quantum observable A and B. In our framework, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Andrei Khrennikov , Irina Basieva

Motivated by the novel applications of the mathematical formalism of quantum theory and its generalizations in cognitive science, psychology, social and political sciences, and economics, we extend the notion of the tensor product and…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Andrei Khrennikov , Elemer E. Rosinger

It is argued that the partition of a quantum system into subsystems is dictated by the set of operationally accessible interactions and measurements. The emergence of a multi-partite tensor product structure of the state-space and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-29 Paolo Zanardi , Daniel Lidar , Seth Lloyd

In the past decades, quantum entanglement has been recognized to be the basic resource in quantum information theory. A fundamental need is then the understanding its qualification and its quantification: Is the quantum state entangled, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-20 Szilárd Szalay

We introduce a general framework for detecting genuine multipartite entanglement and non full-separability in multipartite quantum systems of arbitrary dimensions based on correlation tensors. Regarding genuine multipartite entanglement our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-08 Julio I. de Vicente , Marcus Huber

We work out a classification scheme for quantum modeling in Hilbert space of any kind of composite entity violating Bell's inequalities and exhibiting entanglement. Our theoretical framework includes situations with entangled states and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo

This paper characterizes two forms of separability of pure states of systems of n qubits: (i) into a tensor product of n qubit states, and (ii), into a tensor product of 2 subsystems states of p and q qubits respectively with p+q=n. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Philippe Jorrand , Mehdi Mhalla

It is shown that a state that is factorizable in the Hilbert space corresponding to some choice of degrees of freedom, becomes entangled for a different choice of degrees of freedom. Therefore, entanglement is not a special case but is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-24 A. C. de la Torre , D. Goyeneche , L. Leitao

From the consideration of measuring bipartite mixed states by separable pure states, we introduce algebraic sets in complex projective spaces for bipartite mixed states as the degenerating locus of the measurement. These algebraic sets are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hao Chen

We introduce a generalization of entanglement based on the idea that entanglement is relative to a distinguished subspace of observables rather than a distinguished subsystem decomposition. A pure quantum state is entangled relative to such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Howard Barnum , Emanuel Knill , Gerardo Ortiz , Rolando Somma , Lorenza Viola

We discuss the question of entanglement versus separability of pure quantum states in direct product Hilbert spaces and the relevance of this issue to physics. Different types of separability may be possible, depending on the particular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jon Eakins , George Jaroszkiewicz

We present a general description of separable states in Quantum Mechanics. In particular, our result gives an easy proof that inseparabitity (or entanglement) is a pure quantum (noncommutative) notion. This implies that distinction between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Adam W. Majewski

In early days of quantum theory it was believed that the results of measurements performed on two distant physical systems should be uncorrelated thus their quantum state should be separable it means described by a simple tensor product of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-26 Marian Kupczynski

We present a concise introduction to quantum entanglement. Concentrating on bipartite systems we review the separability criteria and measures of entanglement. We focus our attention on geometry of the sets of separable and maximally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karol Zyczkowski , Ingemar Bengtsson

We introduce algebriac sets in the products of complex projective spaces for multipartite mixed states, which are independent of their eigenvalues and only measure the "position" of their eigenvectors, as their non-local invariants (ie.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hao Chen

Mathematical foundation of the novel concept of quantum tensor product by Zanardi et al is rigorously established. The concept of relative quantum entanglement is naturally introduced and its meaning is made clear both mathematically and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 X. F. Liu , C. P. Sun
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