Related papers: Pulsars: Gigantic Nuclei
Matter of subnuclear density in the inner crusts of neutron stars consists of neutron-rich atomic nuclei immersed in strongly degenerate relativistic gas of electrons and strongly nonideal liquid of neutrons. We give a brief account of…
A connection between nuclear symmetries other than those of an ellipsoidal nucleus and the properties of the implied rotational spectra are discussed. The discussion is focussed on a few examples of exotic shapes predicted recently by…
In a fully relativistic approach, a RLSM description of nuclei colliding at ultra-relativistic energies can be formulated within the framework of a classical transport theory. The valence quarks of the nucleons are described through…
Polarization and chirality are direct manifestations of quantum mechanics in the Quark Gluon Plasma as a relativistic fluid. This is one of the reasons why they are intriguing phenomena, that have attracted so much attention lately. In this…
Pulsars are rapidly spinning neutron stars, that radiate at the expense of their strong magnetic field and their high surface temperature. Five decades of multi-wavelength observations showed a large variety of physical parameters, such as…
A mathematically rigorous relativistic quantum Yang-Mills theory with an arbitrary semisimple compact gauge Lie group is set up in the Hamiltonian canonical formalism. The theory is non-perturbative, without cut-offs, and agrees with the…
Neutron stars are unique cosmic laboratories for the exploration of matter under extreme conditions of density and neutron-proton asymmetry. Due to their enormous dynamic range, neutron stars display a myriad of exotic states of matter that…
Quantum Chromodynamics is the most successful theory in particle physics. The understanding of all different signals at hadron colliders have been achieved due to the correct interpretation of the theory. In this paper we review some basic…
Our world is wonderful because of the normal but negligibly small baryonic part (i.e., atoms) although unknown dark matter and dark energy dominate the Universe. A stable atomic nucleus could be simply termed as ``strong matter'' since its…
The goal of this article is to investigate the dynamics of semi-relativistic or non-relativistic charged particles in interaction with a scalar meson field. Our main contribution is the derivation of the classical dynamics of a…
A neutron star was first detected as a pulsar in 1967. It is one of the most mysterious compact objects in the universe, with a radius of the order of 10 km and masses that can reach two solar masses. In fact, neutron stars are star…
High energy heavy ion collisions create quark gluon plasmas that behave like almost perfect fluids. Very similar features to those that led to this insight have also been observed in experimental data from collisions of small systems,…
What is the size of the atomic nucleus? This deceivably simple question is difficult to answer. While the electric charge distributions in atomic nuclei were measured accurately already half a century ago, our knowledge of the distribution…
Although the foundations of quantum and classical physics are much different, it is often difficult to pinpoint which features of a particular system are intrinsically "quantum". Perhapse, the most clear-cut distinction between "classical"…
We are still far from understanding how pulsars pulse, how neutron stars are born, what neutron stars can emit, and in which way they do this. In this short communication, I list 18 alternatives -- several of them old, a few of them new --…
Three of the four forces of Nature are described by quantum Yang-Mills theories with remarkable precision. The fourth force, gravity, is described classically by the Einstein-Hilbert theory. There appears to be an inherent incompatibility…
We investigate gravitating lumps with a false vacuum core surrounded by the true vacuum in a scalar field potential. Such configurations become possible in the Einstein gravity in the presence of fermions at the core. Gravitational…
Quantum field theory is applied to study the interaction of an electron plasma with an intense neutrino flux. A connection is established between the field theory results and classical kinetic theory. The dispersion relation and damping…
Schr{\"o}dinger noticed in 1952 that a scalar complex wave function can be made real by a gauge transformation. The author showed recently that one real function is also enough to describe matter in the Dirac equation in an arbitrary…
Modern particle physics relies on high energy particle accelerators to provide collisions of various types of elementary particles in order to deduce fundamental laws of physics or properties of individual particles. The only way to…