Related papers: A structure theorem in probabilistic number theory
We formalize an existing computability-theoretic method of presenting first-order structures whose domains have the cardinality of the continuum. Work using these methods until now has emphasized their topological properties. We shift the…
While statistical learning methods have proved powerful tools for predictive modeling, the black-box nature of the models they produce can severely limit their interpretability and the ability to conduct formal inference. However, the…
A finite-dimensional unital and associative algebra over $\mathbb{R}$, or what we shall call simply "an algebra" in this paper for short, generalities the construction by which we derive the complex numbers by "adjoining an element $i$" to…
Under the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, any integer $n>1$ can be uniquely written as a product of prime powers $p^a$; factoring each exponent $a$ as a product of prime powers $q^b$, and so on, one will obtain what is called the tower…
In this work, we establish a representation theorem for multivariable totally symmetric functions: a multisymmetric continuous function must be the composition of a continuous function and a set of generators of the multisymmetric…
The paper demonstrates that falsifiability is fundamental to learning. We prove the following theorem for statistical learning and sequential prediction: If a theory is falsifiable then it is learnable -- i.e. admits a strategy that…
In this paper, we obtain some new results on closed subschemes. Specially, we define natural addition and multiplication on the closed subschemes of a scheme. It is shown that "the multiplication" precisely coincides with the well known…
We prove that the set of large values of the trigonometric polynomial over a subset of density of the primes has some additive structure, similarly to what happens for subsets of densities in $\mathbb{Z}/{N}\mathbb{Z}$ but in a weaker form.…
The possible tensor constructions of open string theories are analyzed from first principles. To this end the algebraic framework of open string field theory is clarified, including the role of the homotopy associative A_\infty algebra, the…
We propound the thesis that there is a limitation to the number of possible structures which are axiomatically endowed with identities involving operations. In the case of algebras with a binary operation satisfying a formally reducible (to…
The Glivenko-Cantelli theorem states that the empirical distribution function converges uniformly almost surely to the theoretical distribution for a random variable $X \in \mathbb{R}$. This is an important result because it establishes the…
We prove some injectivity theorems. Our proof depends on the theory of mixed Hodge structures on cohomology groups with compact support. Our injectivity theorems would play crucial roles in the minimal model theory for higher-dimensional…
The theory of two binary relations has the strong amalgamation property when the first relation is assumed to be coarser than the second relation, and each relation satisfies a chosen set of properties from the following list: transitivity,…
A principled approach to understand network structures is to formulate generative models. Given a collection of models, however, an outstanding key task is to determine which one provides a more accurate description of the network at hand,…
Introducing the notion of a rational system of measure preserving transformations and proving a recurrence result for such systems, we give sufficient conditions in order a subset of rational numbers to contain arbitrary long arithmetic…
We consider two notions describing how one finite graph may be larger than another. Using them, we prove several theorems for such pairs that compare the number of spanning trees, the return probabilities of random walks, and the number of…
The occurrence and the distribution of patterns of trees associated to natural numbers are investigated. Bounds from above and below are proven for certain natural quantities.
In this paper we will establish a structure theorem concerning the extension of analytic objects associated to germs of dimension one foliations on surfaces, through one-dimensional barriers. As an application, an extension theorem for…
Orbit-finite models of computation generalise the standard models of computation, to allow computation over infinite objects that are finite up to symmetries on atoms, denoted by $\mathbb{A}$. Set theory with atoms is used to reason about…
A bijective proof is given for the following theorem: the number of compositions of n into odd parts equals the number of compositions of n + 1 into parts greater than one. Some commentary about the history of partitions and compositions is…