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We demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge the generation of overcritical plasma densities inside transparent solids over long distances using femtosecond laser pulses. This opens new avenues for high energy density physics in…
The relaxation of photoexcited nanosystems is a fundamental process of light-matter interaction. Depending on the couplings of the internal degrees of freedom, relaxation can be ultrafast, converting electronic energy in a few fs, or slow,…
We investigate the short-term temporal dynamics of superradiance in closely spaced quantum emitters. Building on Dicke's 1954 framework, we analyze the sequential emergence of coherence, superradiance, and entanglement, revealing a distinct…
We propose to generate the multiphoton subradiant states and investigate their fluorescences in an array of two-level atoms. These multiphoton states are created initially from the timed-Dicke states. Then we can use either a Zeeman or…
Collective, low-energy excitations in quasi-two-dimensional d-wave superconductors are analyzed. While the long-range Coulomb interaction shifts the charge-density-wave and phase modes up to the plasma energy, the spin-density-wave…
We show that resonance fluorescence, i.e. the resonant emission of a coherently driven two-level system, can be realized with a semiconductor quantum dot. The dot is embedded in a planar optical micro-cavity and excited in a wave-guide mode…
We discuss a mechanism for intense electromagnetic wave emission at an astrophysical relativistic shock in a magnetized collisionless plasma. At the magnetized shock, the particle reflection by a compressed magnetic field of the shock…
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extremely energetic radio transients, some are generated in magnetar magnetospheres and winds. Despite a growing number of observations, their emission mechanisms remain elusive. It has recently been proposed…
About 1/3 of X-ray-luminous clusters show smooth, Mpc-scale radio emission, known as giant radio haloes. One promising model for radio haloes is Fermi-II acceleration of seed relativistic electrons by compressible turbulence. The origin of…
We propose a new extragalactic but non-cosmological explanation for fast radio bursts (FRBs) based on very young pulsars in supernova remnants. Within a few hundred years of a core-collapse supernova the ejecta is confined within $\sim$1…
Plasma processes close to SNR shocks result in the amplification of magnetic fields and in the acceleration of electrons, injecting them into the diffusive acceleration mechanism. The acceleration of electrons and the B field amplification…
We study the collective interaction of excitons in closely spaced artificial molecules and arrays of nearly identical quantum dots with the electromagnetic modes. We discuss how collective fluorescence builds up in the presence of a small…
The signature of superfluidity in bosonic systems is a sound wave-like spectrum of the single particle excitations which in the case of strong interactions is roughly temperature independent. In fermionic systems, where fermion pairing…
Novel phases of matter with unique properties that emerge from quantum and topological protection present an important thrust of modern research. Of particular interest is to engineer these phases on demand using ultrafast external stimuli,…
We demonstrate a break-down in the macroscopic (classical-like) dynamics of wave-packets in complex microscopic and mesoscopic collisions. This break-down manifests itself in coherent superpositions of the rotating clockwise and…
In super- or subradiance, a quantum superposition of excited atoms collectively emits a photon much more or much less rapidly than an isolated atom. Superradiant and subradiant lifetimes have been derived for finite spheres of uniform…
Several physical systems can be treated as a scattering process, and, for these processes, a natural observed quantity arises: the ratio between the reflected and incident intensities, known as the reflection coefficient. This dissertation…
It is observed that the interaction of an intense ultra-short laser pulse with an overdense gas jet results in the pulse collapse and the deposition of a significant part of energy in a small and well localized volume in the rising part of…
About 1/3 of X-ray-luminous clusters show smooth, unpolarized radio emission on ~Mpc scales, known as giant radio halos. One promising model for radio halos is Fermi-II acceleration of seed relativistic electrons by turbulence of the…
Observations reveal the presence of supermassive black holes (SMBH) as early as ~700 million years after the Big Bang. Their formation path is still subject to current debate. We explore the influence of magnetic fields, which are strongly…