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Difference imaging or image subtraction is a method that measures differential photometry by matching the pointing and point-spread function (PSF) between image frames. It is used for the detection of time-variable phenomena. Here we…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-10 Dun Wang , David W. Hogg , Daniel Foreman-Mackey , Bernhard Schölkopf

Diffusing-wave spectroscopy is a powerful technique which consists in measuring the temporal correlation function of the intensity of light multiply scattered by a medium. In this paper, we apply this technique to cold atoms under purely…

Scene inference under low-light is a challenging problem due to severe noise in the captured images. One way to reduce noise is to use longer exposure during the capture. However, in the presence of motion (scene or camera motion), longer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Bhavya Goyal , Jean-François Lalonde , Yin Li , Mohit Gupta

The characterization of the wind speed vertical distribution V(h) is fundamental for an astronomical site for many different reasons: (1) the wind speed shear contributes to trigger optical turbulence in the whole troposphere, (2) a few of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-09-21 S. Hagelin , E. Masciadri , F. Lascaux

Event cameras provide rich signals that are suitable for motion estimation since they respond to changes in the scene. As any visual changes in the scene produce event data, it is paramount to classify the data into different motions (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Ryo Yamaki , Shintaro Shiba , Guillermo Gallego , Yoshimitsu Aoki

We present the Generalised Differential Image Motion Monitor. It is a compact instrument dedicated to measure 4 parameters of the optical turbulence: seeing, isoplanatic angle, coherence time and wavefront coherence outer scale. GDIMM is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-16 E. Aristidi , A. Ziad , J. Chabe , Y. Fantei-Caujolle , C. Renaud , C. Giordano

Comparing images captured by disparate sensors is a common challenge in remote sensing. This requires image translation -- converting imagery from one sensor domain to another while preserving the original content. Denoising Diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 João Gabriel Vinholi , Marco Chini , Anis Amziane , Renato Machado , Danilo Silva , Patrick Matgen

Image restoration under multiple adverse weather conditions aims to develop a single model to recover the underlying scene with high visibility. Weather-related artifacts vary with the particle's distance to the camera according to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiaqi Xu , Xiaowei Hu , Lei Zhu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Visual odometry and Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) has been studied as one of the most important tasks in the areas of computer vision and robotics, to contribute to autonomous navigation and augmented reality systems. In case…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Seongwook Yoon , Jaehyun Kim , Sanghoon Sull

Due to their affordable, low mass, and small dimensions, uncooled microbolometer-based thermal focal plane arrays (UC-FPAs) are useful for long-wave infrared (LWIR)imaging applications. However, in outdoor conditions typical in agricultural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-05 Peretz Yafin , Nir Sochen , Iftach Klapp

One of the fundamental problems in computer vision is the two-frame relative pose optimization problem. Primarily, two different kinds of error values are used: photometric error and re-projection error. The selection of error value is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Andreas L. Teigen , Annette Stahl , Rudolf Mester

The Earth's turbulent atmosphere results in speckled and blurred images of astronomical objects when observed by ground based visible and near-infrared telescopes. Adaptive optics (AO) systems are employed to reduce these atmospheric…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 Daniel M. Levinstein , Saavidra Perera , Quinn M. Konopacky , Alex Madurowicz , Bruce Macintosh , Lisa Poyneer , Richard W. Wilson

Visible images have been widely used for motion estimation. Thermal images, in contrast, are more challenging to be used in motion estimation since they typically have lower resolution, less texture, and more noise. In this paper, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Weichen Dai , Yu Zhang , Shenzhou Chen , Donglei Sun , Da Kong

We introduce a novel technique to mitigate the adverse effects of atmospheric turbulence on astronomical imaging. Utilizing a video-to-image neural network trained on simulated data, our method processes a sliding sequence of short-exposure…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-09 Spencer Bialek , Emmanuel Bertin , Sébastien Fabbro , Hervé Bouy , Jean-Pierre Rivet , Olivier Lai , Jean-Charles Cuillandre

The Virtual Image Correlation method applies for the measurement of silhouettes boundaries with sub-pixel precision. It consists in a correlation between the image of interest and a virtual image based on a parametrized curve. Thanks to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-11 M. L. M. François

The solar wind speed at Earth is one of the most important parameters regarding the effects of space weather on society. Thus far, most approaches for predicting the solar wind speed produce a single-value time series without uncertainty,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-13 Daniel E. da Silva , Yash Parlikar , Shaela I. Jones , Charles N. Arge

Aerial image registration or matching is a geometric process of aligning two aerial images captured in different environments. Estimating the precise transformation parameters is hindered by various environments such as time, weather, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Myeong-Seok Oh , Yong-Ju Lee , Seong-Whan Lee

Quantitative measurements of fluid flow properties can be achieved by background oriented schlieren. In this paper it is shown that this depends on several factors. Image quality index is used to investigate the influence of the image…

Optics · Physics 2013-03-06 Ardian B. Gojani , Shigeru Obayashi

We investigate the use of spatial interpolation methods for reconstructing the horizontal near-surface wind field given a sparse set of measurements. In particular, random Fourier features is compared to a set of benchmark methods including…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Jonas Kiessling , Emanuel Ström , Raúl Tempone

This study develops a statistical conditional approach to evaluate climate model performance in wind speed and direction and to project their future changes under the representative concentration pathway 8.5 scenario over inland and…

Applications · Statistics 2022-05-09 Qiuyi Wu , Julie Bessac , Whitney Huang , Jiali Wang